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IUCN SSG Red List Workshop Threats and Conservation Actions

IUCN SSG Red List Workshop Threats and Conservation Actions. How do I make the correct selection?. Classification Schemes. IUCN has developed standard terms for documenting: Threats Conservation actions Uniform classification Allows for comparisons between taxonomic groups

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IUCN SSG Red List Workshop Threats and Conservation Actions

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  1. IUCN SSG Red List WorkshopThreats and Conservation Actions How do I make the correct selection?

  2. Classification Schemes • IUCN has developed standard terms for documenting: • Threats • Conservation actions • Uniform classification • Allows for comparisons between taxonomic groups • Still being developed and tested • Your feedback is important

  3. Threat/Conservation Action • 1. Main Category • 1.1 Sub category • Definition • Definition • 2. Main Category • 2.3 Sub category • 2.3.2 Sub-sub Category • Definition • Definition

  4. Threats: what to keep in mind • Two tasks • Write narrative describing threats • Past, ongoing or future (3 generations or 10 years) • Not to exceed 100 years in the future • Be very specific in the text, assume reader has no idea what happens in the region (they probably won’t!) • Cause of threat (driver) • Threat itself • Scale of threat – global population affected or only small part of population • Stress that threat places on taxon – habitat degradation or conversion, direct mortality, species disturbance… • Use keywords associated with threats • Select specific threats • Be selective – don’t choose everything (even though it may be tempting!)

  5. Threats: the classification • Residential & commercial development • Agriculture & aquaculture   • Energy production & mining • Transportation & service corridors   • Biological resource use   • Human intrusions & disturbance • Natural system modifications   • Invasive & other problematic species & genes • Pollution • Geological events   • Climate change & severe weather

  6. Threats: the classification • Residential & commercial development • Agriculture & aquaculture   • Energy production & mining • Transportation & service corridors • Biological resource use   • Human intrusions & disturbance • Natural system modifications   • Invasive & other problematic species & genes • Pollution • Geological events   • Climate change & severe weather Most relevant

  7. Threats • 1. Residential & Commercial Development 1.1 Housing & Urban areas • Land reclamation • Expanding human population thatcauses habitat degradation • 2. Agriculture & Aquaculture 2.4 Marine & Freshwater Aquaculture • 2.4.1 Subsistence/artisanal aquaculture • 2.4.2 Industrial aquaculture • Mangrove destruction for shrimp farming specifically (two scales)

  8. Threats • 5. Biological Resource Use 5.4 Fishing & harvesting aquatic resources • 5.4.1 Intentional mortality (human use - subsistence/small scale) • small scale/subsistence intentional fishery • Aquarium trade • Classification not based on the impact of the fishery • 5.4.2 Intentional mortality (human use - large scale) • large scale/commercial intentional • Size of the fishery, not the impact

  9. Threats • 5. Biological Resource Use (cont.) • 5.4.3 Incidental or accidental mortality - BYCATCH • small scale/subsistence unintentional fishery • small scale cyanide/dynamite fishing (stress = ecosystem degradation) • 5.4.4 Incidental or accidental mortality – BYCATCH • large scale/commercial unintentional fishery • large scale cyanide/dynamite fishing (stress of ecosystem degradation) • 5.4.5 Persecution/Control • shark nets

  10. Threats: Note on Biological Resource Use • Intentional fisheries • Targeted • Family (e.g. Rhincobatidae, angel sharks) or species level • NOT “elasmobranch…” or “skate fishery” • Does the fishery go out to specifically target a species, or does it adjust its fishing tactics to catch the species? If so, when? • Unintentional fishery • All other fishing whether discarded or not • Not just bycatch

  11. Threats • 6. Human intrusions & disturbance 6.1 Recreational activities • 7. Natural System Modifications • 7.2 Dams & Water management/use • 7.2.9 Small dams • 7.2.10 Large dams • 7.2.11 Dams (size unknown)

  12. Threats • 9. Pollution • 9.1 Domestic & urban waste water • 9.1.1 Sewage • 9.1.2 Run-off • 9.1.3 Type Unknown/Unrecorded • 9.2 Industrial & military effluents • 9.2.1 Oil spills • 9.2.2 Seepage from mining • 9.2.3 Type Unknown/Unrecorded • 9.3 Agricultural & forestry effluents • 9.3.1 Nutrient loads • 9.3.2 Soil erosion, sedimentation • 9.3.3 Herbicides and pesticides • 9.3.4 Type Unknown/Unrecorded • 9.4 Garbage & solid waste

  13. Threats • 11 Climate change & severe weather • 11.1 Habitat shifting & alteration • 11.2 Droughts • 11.3 Temperature extremes • 11.4 Storms & flooding You have to have strong evidence to choose these  Population consequences

  14. Conservation Actions • Two tasks • Write narrative describing Conservation Actions – In Place • Be very specific in the text, assume reader has no idea what a specific Conservation Actions implies (they probably won’t!) • Use keywords associated with threat selections below • Select specific Conservation Actions required to mitigate major threats • Be selective – don’t choose everything (even though it may be tempting!) • Be realistic • Don’t record a full ‘wish list’ • Achieved in the next 5 years

  15. Conservation Actions • Land/water protection   • Land/water management   • Species management • Education & awareness • Law & policy • Livelihood, economic & other incentives

  16. Conservation Actions • Land/water protection   • Land/water management   • Species management • Education & awareness • Law & policy • Livelihood, economic & other incentives Most relevant

  17. Conservation Actions • 1 Land/water protection • 1.1 Site/area protection • 1.2 Resource & habitat protection • Marine Protected Area designation

  18. Conservation Actions • 2 Land/water management • 2.1 Site/area management • MPA has already been set up but implementation required (no paper parks) • 2.3 Habitat & natural process restoration • coral reef restoration • mangrove replanting • modify land use policy (logging and sedimentation) • dam removal • cleaning up oil spills

  19. Conservation Actions • 3 Species management 3.1 Species management • 3.1.1 Harvest management • Management of harvest • fishing effort controls • 3.1.2 Trade management • trade regulations of specific populations • non CITES trade regulations • aquarium trade regulations

  20. Conservation Actions • 4 Education & awareness • 4.2 Training • Species identification (fisheries observers) • 4.3 Awareness & communications • Shark nets

  21. Conservation Actions • 5 Law & policy 5.1 Legislation • 5.1.1 International level • CITES – a more general international agreement (than 3.1.2 – trade management) for the species itself or a group of species (e.g. hammerheads) • 5.1.2 National level • 5.1.3 Sub-national level • 5.1.4 Scale unspecified 5.2 Policies and regulations (Salafsky)

  22. Conservation Actions • 5 Law & policy 5.3 Private sector standards & codes • Marine Aquarium Council • Marine Stewardship Council 5.4 Compliance and enforcement • If it has CITES, for example, it would require this • 5.4.1 International level • 5.4.2 National level • 5.4.3 Sub-national level • 5.4.4 Scale unspecified

  23. Threats and Conservation Actions Any questions?

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