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Jacques Cartier

The Beginning of the Fur trade. By: James, Daniel, and Jon. Jacques Cartier. Algonquian and Iroquoian people. Algonquian and Iroquoian people were the native Americans who lived in the place now that Quebec city in located.

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Jacques Cartier

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  1. The Beginning of the Fur trade. By: James, Daniel, and Jon Jacques Cartier

  2. Algonquian and Iroquoian people Algonquian and Iroquoian people were the native Americans who lived in the place now that Quebec city in located. Algonquian settlements lived by hunting and fishing, although quite a few supplemented their diet by cultivating corn, beans, squas, and wild rice.

  3. Giovanni de Verranzano • In 1524 Giovanni was asked to find new trading routes • Giovanni de Verrazano was the first to explore the east cost of North America, from South Carolina to Nova Scotia • Giovanni never found what he really wanted but he did discover a new land, and native people on it

  4. Jacques Cartier December 31, 1491 – September 1, 1557 • He was born in Saint-Malo • In 1520 he married Mary Catherine des Granches who was part of a leading family • He was a respectable French explorer, and accompanied Giovanni de Verrazano and his voyages

  5. Jacques Cartier... What he did • Cartier’s role was a navigator. • They were looking for a new passages from North America to the Pacific, called the northwest passage • He led 3 voyages of the exploration to the St. Lawrence region in 1534, 1535-36, and 1541-42.

  6. Jacques Cartier... What he did • He is some times credited with the discovery of Canada. He was the first to chart the St. Lawrence River. • Jacques Cartier claimed Canada for France

  7. Jacques First Voyage • He set of on 20 of April 1534 with 2 ships and 61 men. • it took him 20 days to cross the ocean • He met the aboriginal people and traded with them

  8. Jacques First Voyage • In 1534 he landed in Canada • He landed three times on land to traded with the Iroquois during that trip • But the third time he landed he put a 10 meter cross, saying “Long live the King of France”

  9. Jacques First Voyage • Cartier then claimed the land for his king • Cartier took 2 of the chiefs sons to France • Cartier left thinking he had found Asia

  10. Jacques First voyage • Many of Cartier’s men got scurvy traveling up the river in the winter months • But the men got cured from the white cedar

  11. Treasures! He went up the saint Lawrence river to look for gold and treasure that the people were talking about Domagaia told them this story so he was kidnapped to tell the king (one of the two kidnapped)

  12. Treasures! Two of the ships were sent on their journey home with some of these minerals on September 2 The king of France called it as false as Canadian diamonds worthless fool's gold

  13. Treasures! • Cartier brought also brought back the carrot when he returned to France

  14. Jacques Second Voyage On October 17, 1540, Francis the 1st ordered the Breton navigator to return to Canada He would be "captain general". However, January 15, 1541 saw Cartier supplanted

  15. Jacques Second Voyage • He left from France in 1535 with 3 ships and 110 men • The 2 Iroquois were also brought back with them and told them to help them find the villages • On September 4 he landed at l'Île d'Orléans near Stadacona (present day Quebec)

  16. Jacques Second Voyage • He was met by Donnacona the chief • He was relieved to meet his sons but he was still not happy the were taken • Cartier was not allowed to leave unless he left hostages behind in placements for his sons

  17. Jacques Second Voyage • Jacques Cartier sailed to a island described by the Chiefs sons • He found corn which he learned that does not grow in the wild • The Iroquoians welcomed him with open hands

  18. Jacques Second Voyage • The Iroquoian made a feast for them • Gifts were exchanged at the feast and Jacques was introduced to tobacco • He felt that they could also be easily converted to Christianity

  19. Jacques Second Voyage • Jacques then went back • When he got back he kidnapped Donnacona, his sons, and 3 other natives • He promised that the king of France would give him gifts • Donnacona latter died in France around 1540 to 1541

  20. Jacques Third voyage Robertval was to lead the expedition, with Cartier as his chief navigator. While Robertval waited for artillery and supplies, he gave permission to Cartier to sail on ahead with his ships.

  21. Jacques Third voyage • In May of 1541, Jacques Cartier set sail with 5 ships and 1,500 men and instructions to settle the New World • In his other expeditions he discovered the St Lawrence river • And set up friendly relationships with the Iroquoians

  22. Jacques Third voyage • Jacques built a new fort and named the settlement Charlesbourg Royal • First French settlement in Canada • The Iroquoian enraged kept it under siege

  23. Jacques Third voyage • Within 2 years he fled • He met Robertval who came to the new world with supplies • He brought along people who were trying to avoid persecution in France by coming to the new world • Cartier took his ship when he landed and headed back to France

  24. QUESTIONS???

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