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AP Biology

AP Biology. Biotechnology Part 2 Genetics of Bacteria. Bacterial “size”. Prokaryote Structure. Bacterial genome. Replication fork. Origin of replication. Theta Replication. Termination of replication. Transformation. Phage DNA. A +. B +. A +. B +. Transduction. Donor cell.

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AP Biology

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  1. AP Biology Biotechnology Part 2 Genetics of Bacteria

  2. Bacterial “size”

  3. Prokaryote Structure

  4. Bacterial genome

  5. Replication fork Origin of replication Theta Replication Termination of replication

  6. Transformation

  7. Phage DNA A+ B+ A+ B+ Transduction Donor cell A+ Crossing over A+ A– B– Recipient cell A+ B– Recombinant cell

  8. . Sex pilus 5 µm

  9. DNA transfer“Conjugation”

  10. Maize Barbara McClintock

  11. Transposon - Basic Insertion sequence 5¢ 3¢ 3¢ 5¢ Inverted repeat Inverted repeat Transposase gene

  12. Transposon Transposon -Composite Insertion sequence Insertion sequence Antibiotic resistance gene 5¢ 3¢ 3¢ 5¢ Transposase gene Inverted repeat

  13. trp operon Promoter Promoter Operon Regulation Genes of operon DNA trpB trpA trpE trpC trpD trpR Operator Stop codon RNA polymerase Regulatory gene Start codon 3¢ mRNA 5¢ mRNA 5¢ D B E C A Inactive repressor Protein Polypeptides that make up enzymes for tryptophan synthesis Tryptophan absent, repressor inactive, operon on

  14. DNA No RNA made Operon Repressor mRNA Active repressor Protein Tryptophan (corepressor) Tryptophan present, repressor active, operon off

  15. Promoter Regulatory gene Operator lacl lacZ DNA Repressor No RNA made 3¢ mRNA RNA polymerase 5¢ Active repressor Protein Lactose absent, repressor active, operon off

  16. lac operon DNA lacl lacY lacA lacZ Operon and Inducers RNA polymerase 3¢ mRNA mRNA 5¢ 5¢ Transacetylase Permease -Galactosidase Protein Inactive repressor Allolactose (inducer) Lactose present, repressor inactive, operon on

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