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The Reformation

The Reformation. The European World. Focus Questions. What is reform? How would you reform the organization of decision making at the H.F. High School?. Causes of the Reformation. 1500 - Renaissance emphasis on the secular and the individual challenged Church authority.

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The Reformation

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  1. The Reformation The European World

  2. Focus Questions • What is reform? • How would you reform the organization of decision making at the H.F. High School?

  3. Causes of the Reformation • 1500 - Renaissance emphasis on the secular and the individual challenged Church authority

  4. Causes of the Reformation • 1500 - Renaissance emphasis on the secular and the individual challenged Church authority • printing press spread secular ideas

  5. Causes of the Reformation • 1500 - Renaissance emphasis on the secular and the individual challenged Church authority • printing press spread secular ideas • German rulers resented the Popes’ attempts to control them • it was difficult for the Pope or Holy Roman Emperor to impose central authority

  6. Causes of the Reformation • 1500 - Renaissance emphasis on the secular and the individual challenged Church authority • printing press spread secular ideas • German rulers resented the Popes’ attempts to control them • it was difficult for the Pope or Holy Roman Emperor to impose central authority • northern merchants resented paying Church taxes to Rome

  7. Martin Luther • became a monk in 1505

  8. Martin Luther • became a monk in 1505 • from 1512 until his death he taught scripture at the University of Wittenberg in the German state of Saxony

  9. Martin Luther • became a monk in 1505 • from 1512 until his death he taught scripture at the University of Wittenberg in the German state of Saxony • wanted to be a good Christian, not to lead a religious revolution

  10. Martin Luther • became a monk in 1505 • from 1512 until his death he taught scripture at the University of Wittenberg in the German state of Saxony • wanted to be a good Christian, not to lead a religious revolution • 1517 - decided to take a public stand against the actions of a friar named Johann Tetzel

  11. Indulgences • a pardon which released a sinner from performing any penalty a priest might impose for sins • a “get out of Hell free” card

  12. Johann Tetzel • a German Dominican friar

  13. Johann Tetzel • a German Dominican friar • raising money to rebuild St. Peter’s Cathedral in Rome by selling indulgences

  14. Johann Tetzel • a German Dominican friar • raising money to rebuild St. Peter’s Cathedral in Rome by selling indulgences • gave people the impression that buying indulgences could buy one’s way into heaven

  15. The 95 Thesis • October 31, 1517 • Luther posted his theses (arguments) on the door of the castle church in Wittenberg • invited other scholars to debate him

  16. The 95 Thesis • October 31, 1517 • Luther posted his theses (arguments) on the door of the castle church in Wittenberg • invited other scholars to debate him • someone copied Luther’s words and took them to a printer

  17. The 95 Thesis • October 31, 1517 • Luther posted his theses (arguments) on the door of the castle church in Wittenberg • invited other scholars to debate him • someone copied Luther’s words and took them to a printer • quickly, Luther’s name became known all over Germany

  18. Luther’s Three Main Ideas • people could win salvation only by faith in God’s gift of forgiveness • the Church taught that faith and “good works” were needed for salvation

  19. Luther’s Three Main Ideas • people could win salvation only by faith in God’s gift of forgiveness • the Church taught that faith and “good works” were needed for salvation • all Church teachings should be clearly based on the words of the Bible • the pope and church traditions were false authorities

  20. Luther’s Three Main Ideas • people could win salvation only by faith in God’s gift of forgiveness • the Church taught that faith and “good works” were needed for salvation • all Church teachings should be clearly based on the words of the Bible • the pope and church traditions were false authorities • all people with faith were equal • therefore, people did not need priests to interpret the Bible for them

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