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Modeling Acculturation Using Latent Class Analysis

Modeling Acculturation Using Latent Class Analysis. Mildred Maldonado-Molina Center for Prevention Methodology J. Douglas Coatsworth Center for Prevention Research. Substance Use and Acculturation. Level of acculturation is positively associated with substance use.

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Modeling Acculturation Using Latent Class Analysis

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  1. Modeling Acculturation Using Latent Class Analysis Mildred Maldonado-Molina Center for Prevention Methodology J. Douglas Coatsworth Center for Prevention Research

  2. Substance Use and Acculturation • Level of acculturation is positively associated with substance use. • Yet, dynamic developmental models examining the relationship between changes in acculturation and substance use onset have not been investigated.

  3. Specific Aims • Trajectories of acculturation profiles over time • Latent class analysis • Four times of measurement • Alternative methodological approach to the study of acculturation

  4. Acculturation was examined as… • Bidimensional construct • Attachment/preference for host culture and culture of origin • Related but distinct processes • Latent construct • Measurement error was assessed and modeled • Dynamic and developmental process • Changes in acculturation strategies examined over time

  5. Participants • 150 females and their mothers • Targeted at-risk 12 to 14 year-old Latinas • Four waves of the “LATINAS: Supportive Connections for Growth” study (Coatsworth, Pantin, McBride, Briones, Kurtines, Szapocznik, 2000). • Two years time span (baseline, 6, 12, 24)

  6. Daughters Years in the U.S. = 7.0, (sd=4.3) 42.7% Nicaragua 30.7 % United States 11.3% Honduras 3.3% Cuba others Mothers Years in the U.S. = 10.4 (sd=6.3) 50.7% Nicaragua 15.3% Honduras 15.3% Cuba 4.0% Dominican Republic others Participants (cont.)

  7. Measures • Bicultural Involvement Questionnaire(BIQ; Szapocznik, Kurtines, & Fernández, 1980) • 21 items for each dimension • How comfortable do you feel? How much do you enjoy? I would want… • Language, celebrations (i.e. birthdays and weddings), music preferences, food preferences, books, TV, etc. • Composite of items measuring preference/attachment for each dimension (21-105) • Tap the bidimensional nature of the process of acculturation in Hispanics (Zane & Mak, 2002)

  8. Acculturation Strategies(Berry, 1980, 1997, 2003)

  9. Latent class cluster analysis • Type of statistical model for latent class analysis • Identifies clusters which group together persons (cases) who have similar values/characteristics • Variables may be continuous, categorical (nominal or ordinal), and covariates can be included

  10. Research Questions • What are the longitudinal patterns of acculturation? • for daughters? • for mothers? • do they differ?

  11. Figure 1. Profile across time for daughters Culture of origin Host culture

  12. Figure 2. Profile across time for mothers Culture of origin Host culture

  13. Profiles of acculturation patterns differed between mothers and daughters. Mothers Results Daughters

  14. Discussion • Alternative methodological approach • Acculturation is a process that occurs over time • Cross-sectional designs cannot address changes in acculturation status or how changes influence adaptation • Generalizability of the results are constrained to the sociopolitical context of city, region or nation, and at a given time in history

  15. Long-term aims • Examine differences in the prevalence of substance use and rates of transitioning across acculturation styles. • Understand the dynamic role of acculturation and its relation to substance use onset among Latino youth. • Addressing these issues will inform on potential target variables for substance use intervention and prevention research.

  16. Acknowledgments • The Center for Family Studies, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, FL. • Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA. • The Center for Prevention Methodology, NIDA Center Grant

  17. For more information on this research, please e-mail Mildred Maldonado-Molina at maldonado-molina@psu.eduhttp://methodology.psu.edu

  18. Reference • Coatsworth, D., Maldonado-Molina, M., Pantin, H., & Szapocznik, J. (in press). A person-centered and ecological investigation of acculturation strategies in Hispanic immigrants. Journal of Community Psychology.

  19. Years in the U.S. – daughters

  20. Years in the U.S. – mothers

  21. Model selection

  22. Substance Use Onset

  23. Multivariate vs. Person-centered approach • Dominated by multivariate models that examine how acculturation variables are related to variable indicators of adaptation. • Person-centered approaches may be used as complementary approaches to illuminate alternative acculturative types and help develop a fuller understanding of the acculturation process.

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