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U.S. Commercial Space

U.S. Commercial Space. Presented to Association of Space Explorers by Jim Voss. Why Commercial Space?. It is US National Space Exploration Policy Vision for Space Exploration, Jan 2004:

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U.S. Commercial Space

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  1. U.S. Commercial Space Presented to Association of Space Explorers by Jim Voss

  2. Why Commercial Space? • It is US National Space Exploration Policy • Vision for Space Exploration, Jan 2004: • The United States will Promote… commercial participation in exploration… to further U.S. scientific, security, and economic interests. • NASA Authorization Act of 2005: • The Administrator... shall develop a commercialization planto support the human missions to the Moon and Mars, to support low-Earth orbit activities… • There are commercial markets, so money to be made

  3. Multiple Existing Markets • NASA cargo and crew to the International Space Station • U.S. national security needs • Personal spaceflight • Industrial-Corporate applications

  4. ISS Cargo Supply Strategy • NASA is developing an ISS Cargo Supply Strategy that uses a mixed fleet (ATV, HTV, Progresses and US domestic cargo service providers). • Strategy requires purchase of domestic delivery services as soon as available. • Purchase of Russian cargo delivery services will bridge the gap between Shuttle and the new US domestic cargo service providers. • NASA has initiated planning for commercial cargo services procurement NASA stated up-mass requirement for ISS lifetime re-supply by US domestic commercial services is approximately 80 metric tons

  5. ISS Cargo Requirements • ISS continually assesses cargo upmass requirements • Current assessment of upmass shortfall beyond baseline Shuttle, ATV, HTV, Progress capabilities to be met by US commercial services:

  6. Commercial Orbital Transportation Services (COTS) The Commercial Crew & Cargo Program Office established to: • Implement U.S. Space Exploration policy with investments to stimulate the commercial space industry • Facilitate U.S. private industry demonstration of cargo and crew space transportation capabilities • Create a market environment in which commercial space transportation services are available to Government and private sector customers

  7. COTS Implementation • $500M budgeted for the demonstration of commercial orbital transportation capabilities • Technical Development/Demonstration competition in 2006 • includes an option for crew transportation demonstrations • Planning initiated within NASA for procurement of ISS commercial cargo services by 2010

  8. COTS Participants • Received 21 proposals from 20 companies across the full spectrum of industry • Down selected to 6 finalists – 2 selected for funding • Andrews Space • SpaceDev • SPACEHAB • Transformational Space Corp. (t/Space) • Space Exploration Technologies (SpaceX) - Funded • Rocketplane Kistler (RpK) - Funded

  9. Other Partnerships • Non-funded Space Act Agreements provide NASA technical assistance to five companies : • Constellation Services International (CSI) • PlanetSpace • SpaceDev • SPACEHAB • Transformational Space Corp (t/Space)

  10. COTS Flight Demonstrations 2011 2012 2008 2009 2010 Crew Demo Flight 1 (Jun) Cargo Demo Flight 1 (Sep) Cargo Demo Flight 2 (Jun) Crew Demo Flight 2 (Dec) Cargo Demo Flight 3 to ISS (Sep) Crew Demo Flight 3 (Apr) Crew Demo Flight (Aug) Pre Demo Flight 1 Risk Reduction Flight (Nov) Cargo Demo Flight 1 to ISS (Jan) Cargo Demo Flight 2 to ISS (Mar) Funded Milestone Optional Milestone

  11. SpaceX Concept Description: • Falcon 9 Launch Vehicle • Dragon Crew/Cargo Spacecraft Proposed Features: • Flexible crew and cargo configurations • Recoverable launch vehicle and spacecraft • ISS cargo delivery & return demonstration planned for completion by September 2009 • NASA Investment: $278 M

  12. SpaceX Milestone Highlights • FY06 • Program Management Plan/Kickoff Completed • FY07 • System Requirements ReviewsCompleted • Preliminary Design Review Completed • Financing Round Completed • Critical Design Review • FY08 • Financing Round • System/Design/Test/Readiness Reviews • Orbital Test Flight 1 • FY09 • Delta System/Design/Test/Readiness Reviews • Orbital Test Flight 2 • Orbital Demonstration Mission to ISS

  13. Rocketplane Kistler Concept Description: • K-1 Launch Vehicle • Orbital Vehicle • Pressurized/Unpressurized Cargo/Crew Modules Proposed Features: • Reusable launch and orbital vehicles that return to launch site • Modular crew and cargo configurations • Demonstration planned for completion by March 2009 • NASA Investment $207 M

  14. RpK Milestone Highlights • FY06 • Program Management Plan/Kickoff Completed • Financing Round Completed • FY07 • System Requirements Review Completed • Financing Round - Failed • Critical Design Reviews • FY08 • Engine Test Firing • System/Design/Test/Readiness Reviews • Launch Vehicle Complete/Ship • Certification of Flight Readiness • FY09 • Risk Reduction Orbital Test Flight • Orbital Demonstration Mission to ISS (internal/pressurized) • Orbital Demonstration Mission to ISS (external/unpressurized)

  15. CSI Concept • CSI cargo canister launched to orbit by variety of launch vehicles • Russian Progress vehicle acts as tug to retrieve cargo canister and dock with ISS

  16. PlanetSpace Concept ELV rocket based on legacy V-2 engines USAF FDL-7 based lifting body spacecraft

  17. SpaceDev Concept • Reusable - Piloted Lifting Body • Derived from NASA HL-20 • Low Re-Entry Deceleration Loads (< 1.5 g) • Large Cross Range (1600 km) • Conventional runway landing • Exceptional Crew Safety: (Non-explosive space vehicle propulsion) • Onboard hybrid propulsion & high lift provide flexible abort options HL HL Titan III Titan III Ares Booster + Hybrid Orbital Hybrid Booster Atlas V Booster

  18. SPACEHAB Concept • ARCTUS Evolved Transfer Vehicle assembled from existing flight certified components(Centaur Upper Stage) • Compatible with existing launch vehicles

  19. t/Space Concept • Air launched booster uses vapor pressurization • Piloted capsule • Exceptional crew safety via air launch and Discoverer/Corona capsule • Separately launched cargo module • Very low cost solution

  20. Future • US Commercial spaceflight continues to develop • NASA will solicit replacement for Rpk • Suborbital tourism providers are viable • There is a market for high cost cargo • NASA will solicit for commercial services to ISS • Existing and developing launch systems support this • There is a market for low cost cargo • Existing launch systems do not support this • Technology improvements required

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