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Objectives

Objectives. List the characteristics of bacteria Differentiate between bacteria and viruses Discuss the ambiguity of the Kingdom Monera Determine how bacteria fit into the overall biological scheme Address the misconception that all bacteria are bad. Monerans: What are they?.

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Objectives

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  1. Objectives • List the characteristics of bacteria • Differentiate between bacteria and viruses • Discuss the ambiguity of the Kingdom Monera • Determine how bacteria fit into the overall biological scheme • Address the misconception that all bacteria are bad

  2. Monerans: What are they? • Bacteria and cyanobacteria • Simple, single-celled organisms • Prokaryotic • Believed to be the 1st organisms on Earth • 3 Forms • Bacillus • Coccus • Spirillum

  3. Shapes of Bacteria

  4. Bacteria Vs. Viruses • Size • The biggest virus is only as large as the smallest bacteria. • Structure • Bacteria are complex compared to viruses. • Reproduction • Bacteria contain all the blueprints and tools to reproduce themselves. • Viruses can only exist as parasites. • Antibiotic Effectiveness • Bacteria can be destroyed by antibiotics, viruses cannot.

  5. Structural Differences

  6. Kingdom Monera • Kingdom Monera • Phylum Archaebacteria • Phylum Eubacteria • Domain Monera • Kingdom Archaebacteria • Kingdom Eubacteria

  7. Archaebacteria • Anaerobic • They get energy from inorganic molecules or light • 3 Phyla • Methanogens: Produce methane • Halophiles: Only live in concentrated saltwater • Thermoacidophiles: Live in hot, acid water of sulfur springs

  8. Eubacteria • Live in a wide variety of habitats • They get energy in a wide variety of ways. • 3 Phyla • Heterotrophs: Need organic molecules for energy • Autotrophs: Photosynthetic • Chemotrophs: Get energy from the breakdown of inorganic substances such as sulfur and nitrogen

  9. The Importance of Bacteria to Planet Earth • Bacteria are ecologically essential to life on Earth. • Photosynthesis by cyanobacteria • Decomposition of organic materials • Recycle nutrients back into the enviornment • Nitrogen fixation of atmospheric nitrogen into a form that can be used by plants

  10. Good Bacteria • 99% of all bacteria is good • You have more bacteria in your body than human cells • They aid in digestion • They produce vitamins • They destroy harmful organisms • A few bad bacteria get most of the press. Many people don’t know that most bacteria is beneficial.

  11. E. Coli • Naturally found in our bodies to aid in digestion • Often used in scientific DNA and gene research

  12. B. thuringiensis • Natural pest killer in gardens and on crops

  13. P. putida • Cleans waste from sewage water at water treatment plants

  14. Streptomyces • Used to make streptomycin, an antibiotic used to treat infections

  15. L. acidopohilus • Used to help turn milk into yogurt

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