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Diabetes: What Everyone Needs to Know!

Diabetes: What Everyone Needs to Know!. Terri Brinston RN, MA, CLNC. What is Diabetes?. A condition in which the body cannot make or cannot use insulin properly. (Video). Types of Diabetes Mellitus. Type 1 (insulin-dependent) Cause, Prevention, Treatment Type 2 (non-insulin-dependent)

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Diabetes: What Everyone Needs to Know!

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  1. Diabetes: What Everyone Needs to Know! Terri Brinston RN, MA, CLNC

  2. What is Diabetes? A condition in which the body cannot make or cannot use insulin properly. (Video)

  3. Types of Diabetes Mellitus • Type 1 (insulin-dependent) • Cause, Prevention, Treatment • Type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) • Gestational DM • Other

  4. Fasting BS Random BS Over 200 With Symptoms 126 and above Diabetes 100 - 125 140 – 200 Pre-Diabetes Under 100 Under 140 NoDiabetes

  5. Risk Factors Type 2 D • Overweight (Abdominal) • Over 45 years old • Sedentary Lifestyle • Non-White Race • Family History of DB • Family History of High BP • History of High BP (self) • High Cholesterol • History of Gestational DB • Delivered a baby > 9 lbs. Goals: Women < 35 Men < 40

  6. Frequent Urination Thirst Appetite Changes Blurred Vision Tiredness; Sleepiness Weight Changes Headaches Skin Infections Slow Healing Yeast Infections Urinary Infections Dry Skin; Itching Numbness; Tingling Feeling / Acting “Evil” High Blood Pressure Cholesterol Problems Signs/Symptoms Type 2D

  7. Diabetes in the United States • Estimated prevalence: Nearly 24 million • Nearly 8% of the U.S. population • Almost 25% of persons over age 60 • 90 - 95% have type 2 • 25% do not know they have it! • 57 million have pre-diabetes • 24% have Metabolic Syndrome • Projected 44-68% increase in diabetes by 2015 • 8% per year

  8. Obesity and Diabetes • 1:3 Americans are obese • 1:5 Americans are morbidly obese • 80% of all Type 2 diabetics are overweight • Obesity in children has doubled in 20 years • Type 2 diabetes in children has tripled in the last 5 years

  9. Children and Type 2 Diabetes • Mean age: 12-14 years old • Girls > Boys • Overweight • 94% are in minority groups • 74-100% have a strong family history

  10. Overweight Kids Become Overweight Adults • 50% of overweight children become overweight adults • 26-41% overweight preschool children will become overweight adults

  11. Saturday Morning Influence 61% of all commercials are for FOOD 90% are for sugared cereals, candy bars, fast food, and chips

  12. Diabetes… …we have pills and insulin to control it, so what is the big deal?

  13. Costs of Diabetes in the U.S. • $174 billion each year • $116 billion in direct medical costs • $58 billion in indirect costs • Missed work • Lost productivity • 1 in 10 healthcare dollars spend on diabetes/complications • Human costs • 7th leading cause of death

  14. Health Impact of Diabetes in the United States 6th leading cause of death 73% of adults have HTN and/or take meds Leading cause of kidney failure Diabetes Heart disease is the leading cause of death Leading cause of adult blindness Neuropathy in 60-70% of patients contributes to high incidence of lower-limb amputation National Diabetes Fact Sheet, United States, November 2003. Available at http:;;www.cdc.gov/diabetes/pubs/factsheet.htm.

  15. Causes of Death in Diabetes Percent of deaths All other Diabetes Cancer Stroke Pneumonia/ influenza Other heart disease Ischemic heart disease Geiss LS, et al. In: Diabetes in America. National Institutes of Health;1995. www.hypertensiononline.org

  16. Preventing Diabetes --or Living Healthy with It! • Lifestyle Changes • Healthy Eating • Regular Exercise • Healthy Weight • Weight Loss (7% of weight) • Medications • Weight Loss Surgery

  17. Healthy Eating

  18. Reading Food Labels

  19. Plate Method Fill ½ of the plate with non-starchy vegetables Finish with a fruit Don’t forget the dairy! Choose a carb serving Add a serving of a protein food

  20. The Supersizing PhenomenonPortion Control - It Does Matter! 29G 26G 77G 22G 68G 57G 10G Fat 26Grams Carbs

  21. Activity and Exercise • 30 minutes of moderate activity on most days of the week This does NOT Count!

  22. Inactivity and Diabetes What’s wrong with this picture?

  23. Medications • Controlling Diabetes • Pills, Insulin, and other Injectables • Weight Loss • Orlistat (Alli- OTC) • Meridia • Others

  24. TreatmentPumps, Inhaler, Jet Injectors, Insulin pens, I-Port Injector Port http://youtu.be/q96wj1kVvlc

  25. ”The distance is nothing; it is only the first step that is difficult.”

  26. http://www.diabetes.org/assets/pdfs/schools/SAS-Booklet- • Safe at School • http://www.diabetes.org/assets/pdfs/schools/SAS-Booklet-2010.pdf • Foarms: • 2http://www.diabetes.org/assets/pdfs/schools/dmmp-form.pdf010.pdf

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