National Ascendant Project The United States After The War of 1812

1. National Ascendant ProjectThe United States After The War of 1812 Claudia Alex Bertie Steffen Mara Shea APUSH Van Over Period 1 October 7, 2007

2. Our Presentation… The Era of Good Feeling • Not so Good The Adams-Onis Treaty • U.S. Gained Florida! Yay! Monoroe Doctrine • No more Europe

3. “The Era of Good Feeling” The Monroe Administration 1817-1824

4. Good Feelings • Monroe appointed John Quincy Adams as Secretary of State. • At this time, there were no party divisions.

5. Problems with Europe? NO • Not worried about foreign affairs anymore. • Isolated away from the rest of the world

6. Unity • Sectionalism was replaced by nationalism. • In 1820, Monroe got all but one electoral vote.

7. The not so good feelings • After the war of 1812, the United States was in debt. • Some problems with tariffs, the bank, internal improvements, and the sale of public lands.

8. Panic of 1819 • Caused by the the Bank of the United states putting too much money into the expansion of the western lands. • Bankruptcy, bank failures emerged, and debtors prisons were really strict.

9. Western Expansion • By 1819, nine new states had joined the union. • Why did they move west?

10. Expansion • Built roads and highways • Also built canals.

11. Sectional Tensions • Slavery was a BIG issue • Missouri wanted to be a slave state but was denied

12. Missouri Compromise • 36˚ 30’N line prohibiting slavery above this line other than in Missouri • Maine entered as a non slave state

13. Supreme court gets involved • John Marshall • Maintained structure in politics “Do you ever have one of those days when everything seems unconstitutional?”

14. Wrap up • Era of good feelings was only truly good between political groups • There were still problems at this time

15. Adams-Onis Treaty Steffen Chen Shea Brucker

16. Who • Arranged by John Quincy Adams, Secretary of State under President James Monroe and foreign Spanish Minister Luis de Onis.

17. What • US received Florida from Spain in exchange for five million dollars and parts of Texas west of the Sabine river. • Also known as the Transcontinental treaty of 1819.

18. When/Where • Treaty was concluded February 22, 1819. • Major negotiations were over the Southern Borders of Florida, Louisiana and current day Texas. • Finalized in Washington DC. • Ratified by Spain in 1820, Us in 1821

19. Why • The US and Spain had tensions regarding territorial dispute. • Spain’s power started to decline because of Andrew Jackson’s pursuit of Spanish Florida, and his threats for war. • Spain was forced to negotiate because it was losing its hold on its colonial empire and its western colonies were loaded for revolt.

20. Significance • US gained all the land east of Louisiana, and Spain got everything west of Louisiana (Texas). • Spain got to keep colonies in Texas • Created a buffer zone between its colonies in California and New Mexico. • Adams foreshadows weakness in Spain’s control in New World.

22. Monroe Doctrine

23. Quick Facts • Was part of President James Madison annual message to Congress in 1823 • Prompted European Powers to not interfere with the affairs of Western Hemisphere • It is the most well-known United States policy towards the Western Hemisphere • Monroe had issued this document as a result of reports of Russia, Prussia, and Austria lending support through armed intervention to Spain for the sake of restoring Spanish power in the America’s

24. Before The Monroe Doctrine… • Many Latin American countries to the South had liberated themselves from European dominion • War of 1812 resulted for a greater sense of nationalism and independence for the U.S. from European nations • 1823- British Foreign Minister George Cannin suggested that U.S. and Britain join to defend New World from European dominion • Britain interest in ensuring the end of Spanish colonialism • John Quincy Adams rejected alliance

25. Resulting in… The Monroe Doctrine • Idea originally from John Quincy Adams, but idea executed by Monroe in his message to Congress in 1823 • Firm opposition to an alliance with Britain led to a warning for ALL European nations • 3 Main concepts of Doctrine: • 1. separate spheres of influence for the Americas and Europe • 2. Non-colonization • 3. Non- intervention • Felt “concern” for Latin American countries • For their part, the United States agreed to stay out of European relations • War: Greek and Turks

26. Results/Outcomes of Doctrine • More of a defensive plan than a threat • Kept European powers out of West for settlers to expand and not interfere with Russians in Oregon Country • Kept European powers out of Latin America to the south • Provided “buffer” area for protection • By mid-1800s • Monroe Doctrine (combined with idea of Manifest Destiny) laid precedent for expansion to the West Late 18th century- Monroe Doctrine enforced with powerful army and navy Policy was seen as a success in that it met British interests as well as American interests

27. How it Contributed to Greater Independence • The doctrine in itself was a document of Independence • United States had informed the European Powers that they were no longer open to European colonization • Any attempts to extend foreign political influence was seen by the United States as, “dangerous to our peace and safety.” • America would not interfere with European internal affairs and thus expected Europe to do likewise • “…as a principle in which the rights and interest of the United States are involved, that the American continents, by the free and independent condition which they have assumed and maintain, are henceforth not to be considered as subjects for future colonization by any European powers…”

28. Wrap-Up • Why is this all important? • Political Unity Under one political party Compromises with Europe • Foreign affairs • Cutting off ties with Europe (especially Britain) • Dealing with individual affairs WITHOUT Britain (Adams-Onis Treaty)

29. Works Cited • "Diplomacy and the Borderlands", Volume 45, Number 4, Southwestern Historical Quarterly Online, http://www.tsha.utexas.edu/publications/journals/shq/online/v045/n4/review_DIVL6916_print.html • A Biography of America. Annenberg Media. 5 October 2007. http://www.learner.org/biographyofamerica/index.html • Dictionary of American History. Ed Stanley I. Kutler. Vol. 3. 3rd ed. p251. (183 words) From Gale Virtual Reference Library • Missouri Compromise. 2000. History Central. 5 October 2007. http://www.historycentral.com/documents/Miscompromise.html • Nation Maps. 3 October 2007 http://www.nationsonline.org/maps/continents_map_sm.jpg • Presidential Administration Profiles for Students. Kelle S. Sisung and Gerda-Ann Raffaelle. Detroit: Gale Group, 2002. From Student Resource Center - Gold.  • Supreme Mistakes. 27 June 2007. Revision 99. 5 October 2007. http://revision99.com/category/politix/ • The Trademark Blog 5 July 2006. 4 October 2007 www.schwimmerlegal.com/ 2006/07/ • 1 Oct. 2007 <www.state.gov/r/pa/ho/time/jd/16321.htm>. • 29 Sept. 2007 <http://www.answers.com/topic/adams-on-s-treaty>. • "Adams-Onis Treaty of 1819." 30 Sept. 2007 <http://www.tamu.edu/ccbn/dewitt/adamonis.htm>. • "Monroe Doctrine (1823)" 5 Oct. 2007 <http://www.ourdocuments.gov/doc.php?flash=true&doc=23>. • "Monroe Doctrine." 4 Oct. 2007 <http://ap.grolier.com/article?assetid=a2019710-h&templatename=/article/article.html>. • "The Adams Onis Treaty." 2 Oct. 2007 <http://www.pbs.org/kpbs/theborder/history/timeline/2.html>. • "The Monroe Doctrine." 30 Oct. 2007 <http://usinfo.state.gov/usa/infousa/facts/democrac/50.htm>. • J.D. Richardson, ed., Compilation of the Messages and Papers of the Presidents, vol. 2 (1907)