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Abstract

1. Abstract. 2. snobear.colorado.edu/IntroHydro/hydro.gif. Hydrologic Processes within Landscapes. Flint Hills Demo. Kansas Ecoregions. Konza LTER *. Kansas City. *. Flint Hills 10,000 mi 2. Kilometers. 5. USGS Stream Gauge. USGS Stream Gauge.

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Abstract

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  1. 1 Abstract

  2. 2 snobear.colorado.edu/IntroHydro/hydro.gif Hydrologic Processes within Landscapes

  3. Flint Hills Demo Kansas Ecoregions Konza LTER * Kansas City * Flint Hills 10,000 mi2 Kilometers

  4. 5 USGS Stream Gauge USGS Stream Gauge Kings Creek Watershed, Konza Prairie (11 km2) SSURGO soil map, superimposed on orthophoto

  5. 6 GT Hydrologic Model Simulation, Flint Hills Ecoregion, Kansas Stream network (right) DEM (left) Kings Creek Watershed, 11 km2 100 km2 Precip record Discharge at

  6. Dynamic simulations of stream discharge & soil moisture distribution 7 Soil Moisture DriestWettest DEM (left) Soil Moisture (right)

  7. Dynamic simulations of stream discharge & soil moisture distribution 8 Soil Moisture DriestWettest

  8. MODES: a MODular Ecosystem Services model for assessing human impacts on land, air & water resources Bob McKane, Project Coordinator (EPA-WED) Marc Stieglitz & Feifei Pan (Georgia Institute of Technology) Ed Rastetter & Bonnie Kwiatkowski (Marine Biological Laboratory) Nathan Schumaker (EPA-WED), Brad McRae (NCEA), Allen Solomon (USFS), Richard Busing (USGS) Water Quality & Quantity Agricultural Ecosystem Services Wildlife Populations Forest Ecosystem Services Air Quality & Greenhouse Gases Habitat Quality

  9. Greenhouse Gases Forest Products Ag Products Wildlife Human Well-Being Water Quality & Quantity • The Problem: • Human actions affect multiple ecosystem services • No single model can capture all stressor effects & ES trade-offs Aquatic Life

  10. Stressors • Land Use • Urban • Agriculture • Forestry • Global Change • Climate • CO2 • N deposition • Chemicals • Fertilizers • Pesticides • Toxics • Terrestrial Services • Ag products • Forest products • C sequestration • Nutrient regulation • GHG regulation • Wildlife Aquatic Services • Drinking water • Flood mitigation • Aquatic life Multi-Model Approach MODES Models Wildlife Populations Plant Communities Biogeochemistry Hydrology Stressors Effects

  11. 12 MODES

  12. MODES Philosophy Modular: different models for different suites of eco services Process-Based: link effects to stressors (GCC, land use…) Simple: few parameters & drivers Broad Applicability: ag, forest, grassland, tundra… Flexible Scales: plots  watersheds, days  centuries Regulatory & Planning Goals Best Management Practices: balancing multiple eco services Water Quality: nutrients, contaminants Water Quantity: too little, too much Greenhouse gases: CO2, N2O, NOx… Habitat & Wildlife: effects of land use & toxics

  13. MODES suite of models Climate: *PRISM – high resolution climate data *SNOPACK – snow accumulation, drifting & melt SOILTEMP – soil temperature & permafrost freeze/thaw Hydrology: *GT –spatially distributed land surface hydrology Stream Network– streamflow accumulation & nutrient attenuation Biogeochemistry: *MEL – C, N, P, H2O cycling in plants & soils *PSM – plant & soil C & N, losses of DIN, DON *NESIS – stable isotope simulator Wildlife Habitat & Populations *FORCLIM – plant community / habitat dynamics *PATCH – wildlife population dynamics *Developed or modified through EPA-WED

  14. Climate: *PRISM – Daly, Smith, Smith & McKane 2007, J. Applied Meteorology & Climatology *SNOPACK – Stieglitz 1994, Journal of Climate *SOIL-TEMP – Stieglitz, Ducharne, Koster & Suarez 2001, J. Hydrometeorology Hydrology: *GT –Pan et al. in prep; McKane et al., in review Stream Network – Liu & Weller 2007, Environmental Modeling & Assessment Biogeochemistry: *MEL – Rastetter, Perakis, Shaver & Agren 2005, Ecological Applications *PSM – Stieglitz, McKane & Klausmeier 2006, Global Biogeochemical Cycles *NESIS – Rastetter , Kwiatkowski & McKane 2005, Ecological Applications Wildlife Habitat & Population Dynamics *FORCLIM – Busing, Solomon, McKane, Burdick 2007, Ecological Applications *PATCH – McRae, Schumaker, McKane, Busing, Solomon, Burdick, Ecol. Mod. in press Recent Publications

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