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The Brain

The Brain. The Three Parts. Hindbrain : located at the rear-base of the skull, controls basic processes of life Breathing, heartbeat  Medulla B alance, coordination  Cerebellum Midbrain : stimulates the brain, integrates sensory info Sight and hearing go through here.

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The Brain

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  1. The Brain

  2. The Three Parts • Hindbrain: located at the rear-base of the skull, controls basic processes of life • Breathing, heartbeat  Medulla • Balance, coordination  Cerebellum • Midbrain: stimulates the brain, integrates sensory info • Sight and hearing go through here. • Forebrain: processes thinking and language • “Airport” of sense information  thalamus • Emotions and motivations  Limbic System (various pieces) • Learn and store complex info  Cerebral Cortex

  3. The Lobes • Lobes: different regions of the cerebral cortex, focusing on different processes • Occipital Lobes: Processing Vision (only major function) • Parietal Lobes: Body’s sensations (touch, warmth, cold, etc.)

  4. The Lobes • Frontal Lobes: organization, planning, creativity. • Temporal Lobes: hearing, others…

  5. Sensory & Motor Cortexes • At the front of your Parietal lobes is your sensory cortex • It processes your sense of touch • The more sensitive parts of your body (with more nerve endings) have a larger portion of your sensory cortex • If we recreated you based on your sensory cortex, you’d look like…

  6. Sensory & Motor Cortexes • At the back of your frontal lobes is your motor cortex • Processes your voluntary muscle movements (like opening a door) • Which means it’s basically in control of your ________________ nervous system… • Large amount of its space/mass is dedicated to fine motor skills

  7. Brain Hemispheres • Brain is split in half, left and right. • Connected in the middle by the corpus callosum. • Hemis are matched to opposite side of body (left hemi, right side of the body)

  8. Brain Hemispheres • Hemispheres specialize, compliment each other. • Left side: speech, math skills (or lack thereof…) logic • Right side: visual/spatial skills, recognizing patterns, creativity and intuition. • Pop-culture makes a bigger deal about these differences than are actually true.

  9. Split-Brain Operations • In order to limit the severity of the worst seizures, sometimes the corpus callosum is severed. • Can limit, reduce strength of seizures.

  10. Joe’s Split Brain • Focus on the methods and the conclusion: • What does Joe’s unique situation tell us about brain processes?

  11. How do we know all this stuff? • EEG Machines: records electrical activity of the brain. • Sometimes, doctors send electrical signals through to find the source of the problem.

  12. How do we know all this stuff? • Imaging • PET Scan: highlights which part of the brain is being activated by certain tasks • Math, critical thinking, getting angry • MRI Scans: used for showing both brain structures and brain processes

  13. How do we know all this stuff? • Accidents will happen: the curious case of Phineas Gage… • Pay attention to which part of the brain was damaged in his accident and what impact that had on his behavior

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