Potential of improved infrastructure standards on cross-border rail corridors

1. Potential of improved infrastructure standards on cross-border rail corridors Prof. Bo-Lennart Nelldal, PhD Royal InstituteofTechnology Stockholm (KTH) 2012-10-17

2. Content • KTH Railway Group • Methods • Developmentofrailtraffic in Sweden • Analysing infrastructureperformance • Proposals

3. KTH Railway Group – Systems Approach Revenues Competition/ cooperation Safety Profitability Capacity Costs

4. KTH Railway Group Organisation Board TRV, KTH, Bombardier, Vectura, SL, Interfleet Director Prof. Sebastian Stichel, Rail Veh. Traffic and Logistics Adj. Prof. Bo-Lennart Nelldal Rail Vehicles Prof. Mats Berg Electrical Machines Prof. Stefan Östlund Str. Engin.and Bridges Prof. Raid Karoumi Lightweight Structures Tekn. Dr. Per Wennhage Vehicle Dynamics Prof. Annika Stensson Railway Engineering Ass. Prof. Elias Kassa Sound and Vibrations Tekn. Dr. Ulf Carlsson Machine Design Prof. Ulf Olofsson

5. Optimizing wagons, trains and infrastructure Trailers Commodities 20ft ct Coils Paper Wagons Trains 6 MW Length 880 m 25 ton 8.3 ton/m Infrastructure 3,6 x 3,6 m Network 750 m 1000 m

6. RailFreightflowstowards Gothenburg, Scania and Continent2010-potential 2030 2 millions ton 5 millions ton 10 millions ton Main Line RailFerry Container shipping Luleå Uleåborg Skellefteå Umeå Trondheim Östersund Örnsköldsvik Sundsvall Tammerfors Åbo Bergen Gävle S:t Petersburg Borlänge Oslo Helsingfors Uppsala Västerås Tallinn Karlstad Stockholm Stavanger Hallsberg Moss Skövde Norrköping Trollhättan Linköping Göteborg Jönköping Riga Varberg Ålborg Halmstad - Helsing Århus borg Köpen - 2010 hamn Lund Malmö 2030 Odense Hamburg

7. Freighttrains 2030 withincreasedrail market share Freighttrains 2010

8. 3 000 trucks/day or 75 freighttrains 10 000 trucks/day or 250 freighttrains

9. International transports– between Sweden and the continentof western Europe 1 truck every 15 seconds 1 freight train every 40 minutes Both directions incuded 1 EU-truck average load 15 tons 1 freight train avrege load 600 tons 1 freight train = 40 trucks Figures from 2006

10. What is important for efficiency? • Infrastruturecapacity • Axleload • Meter load • Loading gauge • Trainlength • Trainweight

11. Alternative Use of P/C 450 Pocket wagon with 4,5 m trailer 4500 4830 4830 330 Lowbuilt wagon with 4,0 m trailer ”Trailer train” 4000 4830 4830 830

12. Loading gauges and intermodal gauges Denmark GermanyG2 P/C 410 P/C 405 P/C 400 NorwayM, U P/C 410 SwedenA, C P/C 450 P/C 432 P/C 422 P/C 410 ØresundUIC GC P/C 450 FinlandKU P/C 497

13. SE gauge C SE gauge A 4830 4650 3600 3400 Loading gauges in Sweden and Russia RU gauge Russian normal? 3,25x5,30 m Swedish normal 3,40x4,65 m Swedish extended 3,60x4,83 m

14. Useful cross-section m2

15. Opportunities of a Large Gauge Frederik Tellerup Kockums Industrier 5 seatsacross, X53 unit 158 m3volume, SECU container

16. Transport Economy

17. Investigateinfrastructureperformance standards Source: EU-project Scandria Map: KTH

18. Axleload Map: KTH

19. Meter Load Map: KTH

20. General loading gauge Map: KTH

21. Intermodal loading gauge Map: KTH

22. The Öresund bridgeNetwork statment from 2011-12-11 In the network statment it is alsodeclared that the Swedish loading gauge C 3,604,83 will be implemented from 2020 • Axleload 25 ton • 8,3 ton/meter • Intermodal gauge P/C 450 • Trainlength 1000 m • Trainmass 4000 ton

23. Fran-ScanHi-Cube Intermodal Corridor(G2, P/C 450) Vision: P/C 450 railcorridor 4.2 m >4.5 m 4.65 m >4.95 m 4.0 m >4.5 m 4.1 m

24. Railway Loading Gauges Vision: G2 rail corridor >G2 G2 <G2

25. RailFreight Corridors Long freighttrains 835 m Hamburg-Padborg-Kopenhagen

26. RailFreight Corridors Long freighttrains 835 m Hamburg-Padborg-Kopenhagen - Continueto Hallsberg?

27. Conclusionsof investigationsbetween Scandinavia and Europe • Extended intermodal loading gauge • In manycasespossible by measuringactualobstacles and making minor adjustments • Extendedloading gauge for wagonload • Especiallyvaluable to make rectangularprofile in upper part • Operation of longertrains • Can be possible on existinginfrastructurebut simulations and networkanalysis must be done to verifypossibleslots

28. Inter Modal from Scandinavia toRussia Inter Modal via ferrysto Finland

29. Wagon Load from Sweden toRussia Wagon load via Tornio by changingaxles or reloading Remark: railferry line closed 2012

30. Proposalsfor cooperationbetweenRussia and Europe • Howtohandle intermodal between Scandinavia and Russia • Trailers can be handled on existingferries on many destinations. Whatare the prerequisities for trailer transports on rail and road in Russia? • How to handlewagonloadbetween Sweden and Russia • The trainferryline Sweden – Finland is closed, but the railway to Haparanda/Tornio is improved • Comparsionoffreighttrain operation in Russia and Scandinavia • What is best practice in Russia and whatcanwelearn in Europe? • Reliable systems in coldweather operation • Exchange ofexperiences

31. Thanks! bo-lennart.nelldal@abe.kth.se Home page: www.abe.kth.se/tol/jvg