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Unit 4 – Sun-Earth-Moon Energy Transfer. Solar Fundamentals. The Sun is the source of all energy in the atmosphere transferred through radiation, conduction and convection. Transferring Heat Energy.
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Solar Fundamentals • The Sun is the source of all energy in the atmosphere transferred through radiation, conduction and convection.
Transferring Heat Energy • Here are three easy things to know about the way heat flows:1) There has to be a temperature difference. Energy only flows as heat if there is a temperature difference. 2) Energy as heat flows from a higher temperature to a lower temperature.3) The greater or larger the difference in temperature, the faster the energy flows.
How is energy transferred on Earth? • 1. Conduction • 2. Convection • 3. Radiation
Conduction • Heat energy moves from molecule to molecule by collisions. • Direct contact
Convection • Energy transferred by temperature and density differences, in liquids and gases only
Radiation • The release and transfer of energy in the form of electromagnetic waves.
Specific Heat • Specific Heat tells you how much energy is needed to change the temperature of 1 gram of a substance 1° C How will a substance respond to heat energy? • High Specific Heat – takes a lot of energy to raise its temperature • Low Specific Heat – doesn’t take a lot of energy to raise its temperature
Earth’s magnetic field • Charged particles given off by the Sun (radiation) are deflected by the Earth’s magnetic field. • These particles interact with our atmosphere and create the auroras.