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Large Diameter PVC Pressure Pipe The Sustainable Solution

Large Diameter PVC Pressure Pipe The Sustainable Solution. ENR Top 20 Innovations. History of PVC Pressure Pipe Standards Development. ASTM D1785 published in 1960 ASTM D2241 published in 1964 AWWA C900 published in 1975 ASTM D2241 includes 14”-36” in 1984

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Large Diameter PVC Pressure Pipe The Sustainable Solution

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  1. Large Diameter PVC Pressure PipeThe Sustainable Solution

  2. ENR Top 20 Innovations

  3. History of PVC Pressure PipeStandards Development • ASTM D1785 published in 1960 • ASTM D2241 published in 1964 • AWWA C900 published in 1975 • ASTM D2241 includes 14”-36” in 1984 • AWWA C905 approved in 1988 with sizes up to 36” • AWWA C905 revised in 1997 to include 42” and 48” • Addition of 54 & 60” Underway • CSA 137 Adds 54 & 60” in 2012 In Use for Over 50 Yrs. In US

  4. AWWA C900 AWWA C905

  5. AWWA C905 36” DR 21 Replaces 17 Yr. Old Steel in Wyoming Standard for Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) Pressure Pipe and Fabricated Fittings 14” through 48” for Water Transmission Addition of 54” & 60 “ Underway

  6. Summary: AWWA C905 Size Range: 14” through 48” 54” & 60” Addition Underway Diameter: Cast Iron (CI), Iron Pipe Size (IPS) Pressure Ratings: 80, 100, 125, 160, 165, 200, 235, 305 psi DR: 51, 41, 32.5, 26, 25, 21, 18, 14

  7. AWWA C905Pressure Test Requirements

  8. Hydraulics Hazen-Williams C Factor = 150 • “Numerous studies 9-12 have shown that friction factors of C equal to 155 or greater are normal for new PVC pipe. This, along with their tendency to remain clean and free from tuberculation, indicates that a choice of C equal to 150 is reasonable for design.” (p. 25, FD-12)

  9. Case History2005 Irving Mall

  10. Quality Control • Raw material testing • Sustained pressure, 1000 hours • Burst pressure, 70 sec. • Hydrostatic proof test, every piece, 5 sec. • Flexural Test • Extrusion Quality • Dimension Control

  11. Each Piece Proof Test C900 & C905

  12. PVC has become the preferred choice for Sanitary sewer force mains. This is by far a more difficult application than standard water pressure applications. Corrosion resistance is the driving force. Water tight joints seal the deal. Longevity is unmatched.

  13. Why PVC Pipe for Sewer Force Mains? Superior Longevity / Durability Absolutely Corrosion-free Strong, Yet Flexible Competitive Market Requires Less Maintenance Superior Joints / No Leakage Smoother, Lower Friction Surfaces Easier to Handle & Install Lower Initial & Life-cycle Costs

  14. CORROSION: A NATIONAL EPIDEMIC Internal Corrosion-Cast Iron External Corrosion-Ductile Iron

  15. ADDRESSING THE CORROSION EPIDEMIC • Gregory R. Ruschau, Ph.D. • Corrosion Expert “Each $1B in non-corrosive PVC pipe translates into an estimated $500M in avoided corrosion costs.” “50% of all operations and maintenance costs…and 90% percent of lost water costs are corrosion-related.”

  16. ASCE REPORT CARD-EXTERNAL CORROSION • ASCE reviews infrastructure and gives the following grades: • Water: D minus • Wastewater: D minus • Corrosion and leaking pipes are a large reason for the poor standing • Sustainable PVC is the solution

  17. U.S. SOILS MAP • AWWA ductile iron study: in moderate soils DI fails in 11-14 years for PC 350 pipe • Yellow area is moderately corrosive and red is highly corrosive for steel. • Steel = Ductile Iron Source: National Soils Survey Center, Finnell 2012

  18. WATER MAIN BREAK STUDY NRC (CANADA) REPORT • Average break rates per 100 miles of pipe • DI 15.87 • PVC 1.17 • DI rate 13.5 times PVC rate • DI repair costs higher

  19. WATER MAIN BREAK STUDY 2012 UTAH STATE UNIVERSITY REPORT • Largest Uni-Bell study undertaken • Survey sent to 1050 utilities • Respondents 188 (17.9%) • Two survey instruments used • Basic survey 188 • Detailed Survey 47 • Identified frequency of failures for different pipe materials • Report disseminated widely - presentation to the U.S. Conference of Mayors

  20. WATER MAIN BREAK STUDY 2012 UTAH STATE UNIVERSITY REPORT • Average break rates per 100 miles of pipe • CI 24.4 • DI 4.9 • PVC 2.6 • Steel 13.5 • DI rate is 1.9 times PVC rate • HDPE not included

  21. WHY INCLUDE PVC PIPE? • With over two million miles in services, PVC pipe has been celebrated by Engineering News Record as one of the top 20 engineering advancements of the last 125 years. • A study by the American Water Works Association Research Foundation recently quantified the life expectancy of PVC pipe at more than 110 years, while a European report determined its longevity at more than 170 years. • Safety and performance assured by a wide array of tough standards, control tests and independent certifications.

  22. WHY INCLUDE PVC PIPE? • Recognized by all required state, national and international agencies and standards organizations.  • There are no valid technical, safety or health reasons why municipalities should exclude PVC pipe from their municipal infrastructure projects. Instead, with municipal budgets under stress, local decision-makers should be selecting the most durable, economical and corrosion-resistant materials possible.

  23. Competitive Institute Enterprise USDA Rural Utility Services OPEN COMPETITION

  24. Large Diameter PVC Use is Exploding Corrosion is wreaking havoc on US. Infrastructure. The small diameter experience has been superior based on all objective measures. Large diameter (30” +)use now goes back more than 15 years. We just don’t see failures. North Texas Municipal Water District 48” DR25 Force Main

  25. Large Diameter PVC • Designed for Specific Application • Blue = Water • Green = Sewer Force Main • Purple = Reuse • Large selection of Pressure Ratings • 80 psi to 305 psi

  26. Diamond Plastics Est. 1982 Seven Plants serving US, Canada & Mexico World’s Leading Producer of Large Diameter Gasketed PVC Pipe Providing in-depth design guidance and training Bringing 54” & 60” solid wall PVC to market because the demand for corrosion free sustainable pipe is real

  27. Pressure Pipe Design D Free Body Diagram ________________________ Internal Forces Balanced By External Forces t P L S S (ISO Equation)

  28. PVC Pressure Rated Design “In Terms of SDR” (SDR=DR) ISO Equation: Rearranged: Given D/t = SDR:

  29. Pressure Rated Design Hydrostatic Design Stress (S) S = HDB x Service Factor HDB for PVC is 4000 psi for water pipe compounds for HDPE HDB = 1600 psi Service Factor = 0.5 (Defined in Appendix of ASTM D2241) Service Factor = 1/Factor of Safety (2.0) For PVC S = 4000 x 0.5 = 2000 psi For HDPE S = 1600 x 0.5 = 800 psi

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