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5.4 Osmosis

5.4 Osmosis. T he diffusion of water across a membrane Depends on solute concentration inside and outside of cell W ater moves across a membrane until the concentration of solute is equal on both sides of the membrane Type of passive transport. Lower concentration of solute. Equal

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5.4 Osmosis

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  1. 5.4 Osmosis • The diffusion of water across a membrane • Depends on solute concentration inside and outside of cell • Water moves across a membrane until the concentration of solute is equal on both sides of the membrane • Type of passive transport

  2. Lower concentration of solute Equal concentration of solute Higher concentration of solute H2O Solute molecule Selectively permeable membrane Water molecule Solute molecule with cluster of water molecules Net flow of water

  3. 5.5 Water Balance: Tonicity • Tonicity: • the ability of a solution to cause a cell to gain or lose water • dependent on the concentration of a solute on each side of the membrane

  4. 5.5 Water Balance: Tonicity • Isotonicindicates that the concentration of a solute is the same on both sides • Hypertonicindicates that the concentration of solute is higher outside the cell • Hypotonicindicates a higher concentration of solute inside the cell

  5. Osmosis: Isotonic Solutions

  6. Osmosis: Hypertonic Solutions

  7. Osmosis: Hypertonic Solutions

  8. Osmosis: Hypotonic Solutions

  9. Osmosis: Hypotonic Solutions

  10. Hypotonic solution Isotonic solution Hypertonic solution Animal cell (A) Normal (B) Lysed (C) Shriveled Plasma membrane Plant cell (F) Shriveled (D) Flaccid (E) Turgid (plasmolyzed)

  11. 5.5 Water Balance: Osmoregulation • Osmoregulation: ability to maintain water balance within cells • prevents excessive uptake or excessive loss of water • Plant, prokaryotic, and fungal cells have different issues with osmoregulation because of their cell walls • Organisms that live in freshwater are constantly pumping water out of their cells because they live in a hypotonic environment.

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