Overview

1. Stepping Out in the Right direction: integrating Gender in EADDWorkshop on Gender and Market-Oriented Agriculture31st January to 2nd February 2011- Addis AbabaGerald Mutinda- EADD, Nairobi

2. Overview • Brief about EADD, • Specific Gender issues & challenges faced • Gender Strategy- a highlight • Implementing the strategies • Key intermediary results & upcoming plans • Conclusions & lessons

3. EADD in brief • A 4 (& ½) years smallholder dairy project • Vision-Double dairy income in 179,000 families • Knowledge based interventions to: • Sustainably increase dairy productivity & efficiency • Expand dairy markets and increase access • Through the dairy-hub approach • Countries; Kenya, Rwanda & Uganda • A consortium of partners led by Heifer international- Technoserve, ILRI, ICRAF, ABS

4. Cornerstone of the project: the hub approach

5. Specific Gender issues in the Project • A significant deficit; Gender not mainstreamed in design, • Weak Staff capacity & commitment on gender • Low & passive participation of women in DFBAs • Chilling plants less responsive to women’s needs (payment modalities, control over milk, shares) • Intra-household dynamics- Assets control, norms workloads, access to trainings, credit, decision making

6. Strategies Employed Baseline survey- identified key gender issues & informed strategy: • Patterns of ownership-livestock & other assets; Electronic, communication, transport related, farm equipment and tools • Access to & use of general & livestock technologies-irrigation, improved breeding strategies-A.I. Expenditure on livestock services • Access to & use of other services (credit, training, membership in groups, investing credit to dairying, reasons not accessing credit) • Decision making patterns (e.g. use of A.I, sale of milk, dominance influence or joint, • Participation in milk markets & membership in Coops- proportion selling milk, • Who receives money from sale of milk- morning and evening milk, formal and traditional markets

7. Strategies Employed A gender integration strategy developed- based on baseline & other consultations; led to-; • Reforming project structure- gender focal points, gender working groups, hiring gender specialists • Training of staff on why gender matters & gender analysis • Targeting “traditional women groups” to expand their productivity and market access capacities.

8. Strategies Employed • Reforming frontline extension delivery systems- more female trainers, gender sensitizing trainers • Attempts to incorporate gender actions in operating plans & budget • Review of project milestones- more gendered. • Exploiting national policies to stimulate change- the law on at least 30% women in leadership

9. Implementing the strategies • Sharing & popularizing the strategy to project staff & partners (during trainings, meetings…) • Clear role and responsibilities outlined in the strategy, (for focal points, project managers…) • The strategy as a guide to deriving annual operating plans & budgeting, e.g. • Priority themes for 2011; • Sharpening capacity & attitude of staff to integrate gender • Rallying DFBAs/CPs to mainstream Gender in services • Documenting results for learning & improved practice

10. Implementation Agnes Luweesi a model Fodder Farmer in Uganda trains a group of farmers on a study visit • Recruiting more females community based frontline extension workers, • Adopting national affirmative action policies- 30% women participation in leadership • Targeting more women as model farmers

11. Analysis of Results Increased women participation in leadership • Women in leadership positions increases-exceed targets! (Ken. 257%) • Yet women membership in DFBAs still low!(25% RW) • Subsequent marketing activities dominated by male farmers & entrepreneurs

12. Analysis of Results Enhancing staff capacity & reforming structure Increasing sensitivity & accountability among staff Visibility of GFPs & GWGs- make recommendations A nascent commitment in management

13. Analysis of Results Model farmer, Gideon Tanui (Kenya) using a pulverizer prepares fodder for dry spell Promoting gender sensitive technologies- • Currently Biogas & Pulverizers been promoted.

14. Analysis of Results Couples encouraged to participate in learning trips and trainings Targeting extension services to women farmers Training & demonstrations localized in the villages, timings adjusted to accommodate women Deploying more females trainers, frontline extension workers (sensitized on gender concepts Targeting women only dairy interest groups Target Women farmers as model farmers (no. still low 26% in UGA) Future plans to introduce- Household approach & village savings & loan association programs

15. Analysis of Results TANGO international Evaluators conduct an FDG with Female Farmers in Nyagatare Rwanda- July 2010 5. Challenges • Qualitative data show less progress in extending economic benefits to women (Mid-term evaluation July 2010), • Attributable to longstanding cultural & economic factors • Applying gender analysis to improve planning still a challenge. • Concealing anecdotal gender outcomes- how to capture low visibility yet sensible changes in gender relations?

16. Conclusion & Lessons • Often gender aspects are noted in programs & project proposals- lip service! • But how to actually incorporate the concept across all operational levels is more complex. • More effort is demanded to ensure required support is provided • With efforts even a design deficit (lack of inbuilt mainstreaming approach) can be mitigated. • Integration or mainstreaming= commitment matters!

17. Lessons • A gender aware livestock project is not just a technical project!- HH/community dynamics, • A Gender policy is a powerful stimulus for change • Women likely to curve new roles in the Traditional markets compared to CP hubs (a research question!) • Male farmers are interested in change, especially when it makes a business sense to HH wellbeing!

18. Thank You!