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BRIEF OVERVIEW OF THE HYDROGEOLOGY OF THE FLINT HILLS Presented by P. Allen Macfarlane Wind & Prairie Task Force March 19, 2004. MY EXPERIENCE WORKING IN FLINT HILLS GEOLOGY & HYDROGEOLOGY. MS thesis (KU Environmental Geology, 1978)
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BRIEF OVERVIEW OF THE HYDROGEOLOGY OF THE FLINT HILLS Presented by P. Allen Macfarlane Wind & Prairie Task Force March 19, 2004
MY EXPERIENCE WORKING IN FLINT HILLS GEOLOGY & HYDROGEOLOGY • MS thesis (KU Environmental Geology, 1978) • Geologic Constraints on Land Use in Northeastern Morris County, Kansas • Source-water Assessment Area delineation of Crystal Spring for KDHE and the city of Florence (2000-2003)
SPRINGS OF THE FLINT HILLS Crystal Spring Crystal Spring Number of Springs Flow Rate (gallons per minute) Sawin et al., 1999
Nolans Limestone Odell Shale Winfield Limestone Gage Shale Doyle Shale Towanda Limestone Lower Permian Series Chase Group Holmesville Shale Ft. Riley Limestone Barneston Limestone Oketo Shale Florence Limestone Matfield Shale Wreford Limestone AQUIFER AND NON-AQUIFER UNITS IN BEDROCK
THE DISCHARGE POOL & OUTFALL FROM CRYSTAL SPRING SPRING 2000
CRYSTAL SPRING DISCHARGE 2000 & 2002-2003 Project Years SPRING DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS Flow Rate (cubic feet per second) 2.5 cubic feet per second 1,120 gallons per minute Percent of Time Discharge is Exceeded
Crystal Spring N 1 mi (1.6 km) CRYSTAL SPRING LOCAL RECHARGE AREAS
WELL YIELDS IN GALLONS PER MINUTE MORRIS, CHASE, & MARION COUNTIES 10,000 1,000 100 Well Yield (gallons per minute) 10 1 1018 Wells 0.1 50 70 90 99 99.99 0.01 1 10 30 1 11 gallons per minute
GROUND-WATER FLOW SYSTEM CHARACTERISTICS • Small aerial extent • Flow system usually contained within a single limestone unit • Response to precipitation events dependent on conduit size & interconnectedness • Chemical quality of ground water variable and tied to precipitation events
THE POTENTIAL IMPACT OF TOWERS & TOWER CONSTRUCTION ON GROUND WATER • Unlikely to disrupt ground-water flow or impair ground-water quality over the long term • Short-term impacts on ground water are possible due to construction