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European Renaissance

European Renaissance. The Renaissance. The rebirth of learning in Europe Began in Italy around 1300 CE. Why? Italy was the center of trade & economic growth (spread North) Roman and Greek influences were abundant. Factors that helped start the Renaissance.

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European Renaissance

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  1. European Renaissance

  2. The Renaissance The rebirth of learning in Europe • Began in Italy around 1300 CE. Why? • Italy was the center of trade & economic growth (spread North) • Roman and Greek influences were abundant

  3. Factors that helped start the Renaissance • Patronage: rich merchants, bankers had money to spend on artists • Towns: drew people with artistic talents together • Crusades helped increase knowledge of the world outside Europe.

  4. Factors that helped start the Renaissance • Economic independence: people with money had time to read, learn, experiment, create • 1440 - Moveable print: printing press created by Johann Gutenberg helped spread knowledge; most important invention of Renaissance

  5. Factors that helped start the Renaissance • As a result, the attitude of common people towards life changed • Humanism developed • dignity and worth of all people • People concerned themselves with enjoying life, solving problem, questioning everything

  6. Religious-minded (concerned with afterlife) Men felt like a member of a group People accepted authority (king & pope) God & the Bible hold all answers Concerned with life on Earth Man as an individual was important Man begins to question and investigate Creativity & Artistic beauty are encouraged Medieval Man vs Renaissance Man

  7. Society • Art • Renaissance art is more life-like • use of perspective (depth) • use of light and shadows • more secular (non-religious) topics • Education: still mainly for the sons of the rich; new philosophy: respect for individual differences in students

  8. Renaissance or Medieval? Why? 2 4 3 1

  9. Renaissance or Medieval? Why?What influences do you see?

  10. Society • Women: peasant & middle class women still lived harsh life with little or no education • Upper class women had private tutors; fathers arranged marriages for daughters; men received a dowry (land or cash) from family of the bride

  11. Spread of Renaissance The Renaissance spread to the rest of Europe by students who studied in Italy. • France • Spain • Netherlands • England

  12. Spread of Renaissance France: King Francis I brought the Renaissance to France: • brought artists to France (da Vinci) • Built the College of France • Built the palace of the Louvre

  13. Spread of Renaissance Spain: • Painters: El Greco: View of Toledo; Velazquez: Four Maidens • Miguel de Cervantes: wroteDon Quixote de La Mancha

  14. Spread of Renaissance Netherlands: • Rembrandt: painted Man with Golden Helmet, Night Watch • Erasmus: wrote In Praise of Folly which criticized the Catholic Church for its greed, corruption, & superstitions

  15. Spread of Renaissance England: supported by Queen Elizabeth • Thomas More: wrote Utopia which criticized society by creating a utopia, perfect society • Shakespeare: humanist playwright who dealt with love, tragedy, hate, desire; greatest writer of the English language of all time

  16. Scholars Petrarch: the “Father of Humanism” • wrote sonnets about love, nature, enjoyment of life • writing caused a change in the direction of education; teachers started to teach students to seek answers not just to memorize the classical works of the past • stressed history, grammar, philosophy To be able to say how much you love is to love but little. Rarely do great beauty and great virtue dwell together

  17. Scholars Machiavelli: humanist writer who served as a diplomat for Florence; wanted to unify Italy • wrote The Prince: a lesson on how to gain & hold power without moral concern for justice or honesty • “Ends Justify the Means.”

  18. Artists Leonardo da Vinci: painter, sculptor, architect, scientist, inventor • Painted Mona Lisa, The Last Supper • Inventor: parachute, aqualung, canons, pumps • Drawings of human anatomy still used today

  19. Artists Michelangelo: painted ceiling of Sistine Chapel (Vatican); sculpted 9 foot statue David & La Pieta

  20. Questions • What is the Renaissance? Name two famous Renaissance artists • Where did it begin? What are two reasons it started there? • What is Humanism? • How did Humanism conflict with religious beliefs? • How does this era represent a change from the previous period of Europe? • How does art change during this period? • Define the following terms: Renaissance, Patronage, Dark Ages, Feudalism, Printing Press

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