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Resistance to Absolutism

Resistance to Absolutism. Resistance Theory. Is there room to resist an king given that position by God? Aristotle (384-322 BCE) Augustine (354-430 CE) Thomas Aquinas (1225-1274 CE) John Milton (1608-1674) The Tenure of Kings and Magistrates (1649). John Milton (1649).

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Resistance to Absolutism

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  1. Resistance to Absolutism

  2. Resistance Theory • Is there room to resist an king given that position by God? • Aristotle (384-322 BCE) • Augustine (354-430 CE) • Thomas Aquinas (1225-1274 CE) • John Milton (1608-1674) • The Tenure of Kings and Magistrates (1649)

  3. John Milton (1649)

  4. The Failure of Absolutism in England

  5. Heir to the Budding Empire Elizabeth I (d. 1603) James I of England (r. 1603-1625)

  6. James I of England (r. 1603-1625) • True Law of Free Monarchies (1579) • Gunpowder Plot • Guy Fawkes (5 November 1605) • Imposed taxes to deal with the debt (that he himself had incurred) but did not call parliament

  7. The Gunpowder Plot

  8. Charles I of England (r. 1625-1649) • Married Henrietta Maria, daughter of King Henry IV of France • refused to call Parliament • Engaged in war with Scotland • Over imposition of English Book of Common Prayer • Civil War 1642-1648 • Puritans • Tried for “waging war on parliament” 1649 • Executed for treason January 1649

  9. The Execution of Charles I (1649)

  10. Execution Order of Charles I English Civl War in Song

  11. Oliver Cromwell (1599-1658, September) • De facto control of England after Charles death though Parliament continued to meet • Led army to fight in Ireland,which had supported Charles • Becomes Lord Protector • Makes position hereditary

  12. Cromwell’s End after Death…

  13. The Glorious Revolution • James II (1685-1688) • Catholic • Placed Catholics in positions of authority in spite of Test Acts (1673) • Parliament responds • Invitation issued to William and Mary of Orange to “invade” England • James II flees to France • Institution of constitutional monarchy

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