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St Jude’s WHO Collaborating Center Role in Zoonotic Influenza Surveillance

Discover St. Jude's contribution to influenza surveillance, including their surveillance findings and available resources for countries trying to strengthen inter-sectoral influenza surveillance. Learn about their research on influenza in animals and birds, risk assessment, and characterization of influenza viruses.

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St Jude’s WHO Collaborating Center Role in Zoonotic Influenza Surveillance

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  1. St Jude’s WHO Collaborating Center Role in Zoonotic Influenza Surveillance Dr. Stacey Schultz-Cherry Member, Department of Infectious Diseases Co-PI SJCEIRS Deputy Director, World Health Organization CC St Jude Children’s Research Hospital Memphis, TN USA

  2. St Jude’s Role in the Fight Against Influenza Virus 1.What does St Jude do related to influenza surveillance? 2. What are some of our surveillance findings to date? 3. What resources can you offer to countries in the region trying to strengthen inter-sectoral influenza surveillance?

  3. 40+ Years of Influenza Research at St Jude Robert Webster Wild birds = reservoir Initial vaccines Spill over into poultry Etc…

  4. WHO Collaborating Center for Studies on the Ecology of Influenza in Animals and Birds H5 Ref Labs OIE-FAO OFFLU Provide guidance & oversight on zoonotic infections

  5. A(H5N1) candidate vaccine viruses

  6. 2017 CEIRS Network Virus-Host Characterization Network Project“Underdog” Virus-Host Characterization Working Group Swab-2-Sequence-2-Human Risk • All Centers established a pipeline of networked expertise to perform rapid in vivo and in vitro characterization of emerging IAV and for reagent production (Ab, Ag, rev gen, etc.) • Global assessment of public health risk of endemic and emerging swine influenza viruses • Wild bird serology • Developed assay for detection of H5 clade 2.3.4.4 antibodies • Analysis of global diversity of H9 subtype IAV • Characterization of H10 IAV with application of Principle Component Analysis for risk assessment • Publications • H5 Clade 2.3.4.4 pathogenesis and transmission: Kaplan et al, mSphere (2016); Richard et al, Plos One (2015) • H2 Risk Assessment: Joseph et al, J Virol (2015); Chin et al, J Gen Virol (2015); Jones et al, J Virol (2014)

  7. St Jude’s Role in the Fight Against Influenza Virus 1.What does St Jude do related to influenza surveillance? 2. What are some of our surveillance findings to date? 3. What resources can you offer to countries in the region trying to strengthen inter-sectoral influenza surveillance?

  8. Influenza in Animals and Birds in Latin America? * * * * Flu: Avian Flu: Av + ruminants * Flu: Swine Flu: Human MERS Zika

  9. Risk Assessment Pipeline at St Jude Risk to specific group Risk to humans H5, H7, H2 Antigenically novel H1 or H3 Poultry – H5, H7 and spill over events Swine – novel virus • Molecular determinants of virulence (full genome) • Receptor binding specificity • Growth in primary human (swine) respiratory cells • Antiviral susceptibility • Pathogenesis in mice, chickens, swine, ferrets • Transmission in ferrets • Population-wide immunity • Algorithm to predict risk • (CDC IRAT; WHO TIPRA)

  10. SJCEIRS South American Surveillance

  11. Colombian Birds Goal - characterize the circulating swine and avian influenza viruses through risk-based active surveillance on farms (swine), abattoirs (swine and poultry), live animal markets (LAM, poultry), and at the southern wintering grounds for migratory birds associated with North American AIV hot-spots. Initiated 2010. Decreasing efforts • Wild birds – isolated LPAI H5 (2) from • Whistling Ducks (Karlsson et al EMI 2013) • National park permits • Nagoya • LBM – isolated H11 viruses (2) during an “outbreak” (Jimenez-Bluhm et al EMI 2016). Sequences from several samples • majority markets shut down • none in Bogota • 1 in Medellin • All Colombian viruses are NA lineage

  12. Colombian Swine OLD cH1N1 • On farms in Antioquia and Los Llanos • recent agreement with swine producers = entire country • endemic • pre-2010 classical swine H1N1 and H3N2 • post-2010 pdm H1N1 until recently • FMD and CSV • manuscript pending pdmH1N1

  13. Colombian Animal-Human Interface Goal: • Identify zoonotic transmissions events at the animal-human interface (swine workers) 2016 - 2017 • Burden of influenza infection in indigenous people in Colombia 2016 - Present Swine workers Several ILI cases – all negative All positive by NP ELISA More time in contact with swine = titers

  14. Goal: • Identify zoonotic transmissions events at the animal-human interface (swine workers) 2016 - 2017 • Burden of influenza infection in indigenous people in Colombia 2016 - Present Colombian Animal-Human Interface Indigenous Several IAV positive cases – seq TBD NP ELISA – hmmm Other viruses

  15. Chilean Birds • Define the burden of influenza virus in wild birds and poultry in Chile • Link influenza viruses in North and South American migratory birds • Understand the genetic link between North and South American influenza viruses • Most importantly, watch for the appearance of Asian H5Nx viruses in wild birds in Chile • Quarterly surveillance 2012-2014. Oct 2015 Norteamericano Sudamericano Eurasiático Equine-like 150+ isolates (sequences) Diversity! Reassortants! Spill over BPS Manuscript in revision EMI

  16. Chilean Swine • unique swine lineage H1N2 viruses • HA – human seasonal H1 1980s • NA – human seasonal H3N2 early 90s • internal - pandemic • widespread in Central Chile • respiratory transmission in ferrets • decreased immunity in post-90’s (caveats) • Bravo-Vasquez EID 2017

  17. St Jude’s Role in the Fight Against Influenza Virus 1.What does St Jude do related to influenza surveillance? 2. What are some of our surveillance findings to date? 3. What resources can you offer to countries in the region trying to strengthen inter-sectoral influenza surveillance? Viruses Antisera Primary respiratory cells PIP

  18. Owners, vets, field workers

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