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On-farm baseline surveillance for zoonotic enteric pathogens within the lower Fraser River valley of BC

On-farm baseline surveillance for zoonotic enteric pathogens within the lower Fraser River valley of BC. Jane Pritchard Public Health Veterinarian Food Safety and Quality Branch, BC Ministry of Agriculture & Lands Merv Wetzstein, Nancy DeWith – Food Safety and Quality Branch, BCMAL

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On-farm baseline surveillance for zoonotic enteric pathogens within the lower Fraser River valley of BC

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  1. On-farm baseline surveillance for zoonotic enteric pathogens within the lower Fraser River valley of BC Jane Pritchard Public Health Veterinarian Food Safety and Quality Branch, BC Ministry of Agriculture & Lands Merv Wetzstein, Nancy DeWith – Food Safety and Quality Branch, BCMAL Sean Byrne, Erin Zabek – Animal Health Branch, BCMAL BC Poultry Industry and Dairy Veterinarians

  2. OUTLINE • Review basic project goals • Sampling of results being generated • Campylobacter • E. coli O157:H7, Cryptosporidia spp., Giardia spp. • Antimicrobial Resistance • Some conclusions and future goals

  3. TRANSITION FUND BASELINE PROJECT • Funded by Agriculture Policy Framework Fund. Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada • One time opportunity to create a baseline for enteric zoonotic pathogen prevalence within the BC agri-food continuum • Benchmarks for future producer group on-farm HACCP-based Food Safety

  4. LOWER FRASER RIVER VALLEY Chilliwack Greater Vancouver Regional District Abbotsford

  5. Provincial Strategy for Pathogens & Antimicrobial Resistance Farm –To-Fork ApproachSampling targets • AMR – generic E.coli • Salmonella spp. • Campylobacter spp. • VTEC • Giardia spp. • Cryptosporidium spp.

  6. BROILER FORMATS CAMPY-ON-ICE (ICELAND) FORMAT for broilers: • 20 cecal samples per flock taken at processing • May till mid August DISPOSABLE BOOTIES for broiler breeders: • Disposable booties from industry technicians working in the barns are collected for culture

  7. DAIRY AND SWINE FORMATS Canadian Integrated Program for Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance (CIPARS) FORMAT for dairy: • 50 calves/26 dairy farms/5 veterinarians • Followed for 8 months through 4 samplings with pooled calf cohorts and pooled dairy herd sampling each visit CIPARS FORMAT for swine • 5 farms. 1 pooled sample of 5 fecals from each of 4 close to market pens. Repeated once.

  8. Why Campylobacter? • The most common cause of bacterial gastroenteritis in BC, Canada and most of the industrialized world • 1500 cases in BC in 2005 (actual higher) • ~ 50% of cases are associated with handling or consumption of raw chicken • Source of others is largely unknown

  9. BROILER RESULTS 2005, 2006

  10. Campylobacter jejuni Weekly Broiler Flock Prevalence 2005, 2006

  11. Broiler Baseline Salmonella spp. • 2005 – 14% of flocks tested were positive • 2006 – 12% of flocks tested were positive.

  12. DAIRY PROJECT 2006 • 50 calves from 26 farms, with 5 veterinarians • Farms were stratified for general management • 4 sampling times • 1-7ds (January, February) • 15 to 30ds (February, March) • 85-121ds (May June) • 6-8 months (August to November) • Calf, (dam), pool of 5 calf cohorts, pool 5 milking cows.

  13. 2006 Baseline Dairy Project Results Summary

  14. DAIRY DATA 2006

  15. DAIRY DATA 2006

  16. E. coli O157:H7 – Dairy 2006

  17. Giardia spp – Dairy 2006

  18. Cryptosporidium spp – Dairy 2006

  19. Why AMR in generic E. coli • E. coli carries many of the phenotypic and genotypic resistance factors of interest to human public health • Environmental contact opportunities and food contact opportunities for transmission within resistance ecology • Veterinary access to antibiotics is being governed by resistance trends • “Controlling resistance starts with understanding how it develops and how bacteria move throughout the ecosystem.” USDA March 2005, Paula Fedorka-Cray

  20. Pan-sensitive E. coli Isolates

  21. Campylobacter jejuni AMR

  22. CONCLUSIONS • Broiler flocks from May to August are a significant reservoir of Campylobacter jejuni in the Lower Fraser River Valley • Dairy cattle over 4 months of age are a reservoir of Campylobacter jejuni in the Lower River Fraser Valley • We need 12 month surveillance of Campylobacter jejuni in broiler flocks to determine any seasonal affect • The swine and broiler industries have higher prevalence of AMR in E. coli in the Lower Fraser River Valley

  23. FUTURE • A lot of data • Many ways to look at it • What other questions could we ask?

  24. Questions? TRANSITION FUND BASELINE PROJECT Funded by Agriculture Policy Framework Fund. Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada

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