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Cultural Landscape: Folk & Popular Culture Analysis

Explore the origins, diffusion, and impacts of folk and popular culture in human geography. Discover why cultures cluster, the diffusion of traditions, and the convergence of cultural landscapes. Learn about the cultural influences shaping our world today.

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Cultural Landscape: Folk & Popular Culture Analysis

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  1. Chapter 4: Folk and Popular Culture The Cultural Landscape: An Introduction to Human Geography

  2. Culture beginnings… • Habit – a repetitive act that a particular individualperforms. • Custom – a repetitive act that a particular group performs

  3. Material Culture • Two basic categories: folk and popular culture • Folk culture • Traditionally practiced by small, isolated, homogeneous groups in rural areas • Popular culture • Characterized by large, heterogeneous groups of people who share common habits despite differences in other personal characteristics • Geographers are interested in two aspects of culture: • Where cultures are located in space • How cultures interact with the environment

  4. Where Do Cultures Originate? • Folk culture = originators usually unknown • Popular culture = hearth FROM more developed countries (MDCs) • People in MDCs=disposable income & leisure time…

  5. Hip-Hop Map Figure 4-3

  6. Where Do Cultures Diffuse? • Folk culture diffuses slowly, primarily through migration, and at a small scale • Example: Diffusion of Amish culture • Popular culture diffuses rapidly, via hierarchical diffusion, and over a large scale • Example: Sports &Technology

  7. Distribution of Amish Figure 4-4

  8. Iroquois Lacrosse Figure 4-5

  9. Why Is Folk Culture Clustered? • Folk culture = close connection to the environment • Most* folk cultures are rural and agricultural • Clothing is often tied to environmental conditions • Example: Wooden clogs in the Netherlands • Folk cultures can ignore environmental conditions

  10. Why Is Folk Culture Clustered? • Food preferences and the environment • Food preferences are adapted to the environment • Example: In Asia, rice is grown in milder, wetter environments whereas wheat is grown in colder, drier environments • Food taboos may be especially strong • People avoid certain foods because of negative associations with that food • Terroir = the sum effects of the local environment on a particular food item (LIKE CHEESE OR WINE)

  11. Istanbul Vegetable Garden Figure 4-6

  12. Swine Stock Figure 4-8

  13. Taboo? • - defined as: • a restriction on behavior imposed by a social custom. • COMMON TABOO ITEMS • FOODS, RELATIONSHIPS, LANGUAGE, OBSCENITY, ETC.. • RESEARCH- TABOO’S

  14. Why Is Folk Culture Clustered? • Folk housing and the environment • Housing = a reflection of cultural heritage, current fashion, function, and the physical environment • most common building materials = wood &brick • Minor differences in the environment can produce very different house styles

  15. Hearths of House Types Figure 4-12

  16. U.S. House Types (1945–1990) Figure 4-16

  17. House Types in Four Western Chinese Communities Figure 4-9

  18. Why Is Popular Culture Widely Distributed?

  19. Convergence of Cultural Landscapes: • The widespread distribution of businesses and products creates distinctive landscape stamps around the world. • What are examples of businesses that can be found around the world?

  20. Brazil, the McCalabresa is a hamburger-sized slab of pepperoni on a bun. Quebecois McDonald's patrons can get McPoutine. Greece, burgers in pita bread with yogurt sauce, tomato, lettuce & onions Greek Mac. Israelis get to enjoy McShawarma and McCabe. Japan Tamago Double Mac—two beef patties, pepper sauce, bacon. and a poached egg. Pakistanis McChutney Burger and Poland's McKielbasa.”

  21. Diffusion of popular housing, clothing, and food • Popular culture varies more in time than place • Food customs: consumption of large quantities of snack foods and alcohol • Clothing styles: reflect occupation rather than environment • Housing: reflects fashion trends since the 1940’s in the United States

  22. Consumption of Canadian Whiskey and Tequila Figure 4-14

  23. Electronic diffusion of popular culture • Watching television • The most popular leisure activity in MDCs • Diffusion from the United States to the rest of the world = 50 years • The Internet • Diffusion from the United States to the rest of the world = 10 years

  24. Diffusion of TV Figure 4-18

  25. Diffusion of Facebook Figure 4-21

  26. We are now active!!!! • Please find EXAMPLES of how the world imitates American culture. • It is OK if you find adaptations like the TAMAGO Double Mac but make sure it something we can connect to our culture. • Think music, foods, clothing, entertainment, etc. • After you locate, discuss the cultural influences of the place that IMPACTED the change. • Think religion, class structure or caste, government, etc. • BE ABLE TO DISCUSS YOUR FINDINGS

  27. Why Does Popular Culture Cause Problems?

  28. Threats to folk culture • Loss of traditional values • Media imperialism • Satellites • Limit government control of information

  29. Environmental impact of popular culture • Modifying nature • Golf courses • Uniform landscapes • Negative impacts • Increased demand for natural resources • Pollution

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