MAE Visiting Committee Research Status, Outlook and Initiatives

1. MAE Visiting CommitteeResearch Status, Outlook and Initiatives Presented by Prof. Dr. I. Celik Associate Chair For Research(ACR) April 12, 2012

2. ACR To Do List • Support successful proposal writing focusing on multi-disciplinary research topics and teams (on going) • Work with new faculty to improve their chances to writing successful grants (on going) • Help streamline proposal submission process (trying) • Improve public relations and the image of the Department (on going) • Research Highlight posters and brochures • New research website • Lead IGERT and similar grants to enhance Ph.D. Graduate Program. • Disseminate information on funding opportunities tageting groups of faculty(on going) • MAE Department Research Fair day (initiated) • Seminars with internal and external presenters and facilitate graduate student participation (on going) • Think-tank-committee (RTTC) to formulate research mission and vision and provide guidance in research topics and funding opportunities (on going) • Prepare an album of successful proposals. (done) • First version is ready for distribution • Will be updated every other year • Research friendly MAE

3. MAE Research Highlights • Research opportunities are screened and disseminated to faculty and research staff • Posters on MAE research highlights are prepared and displayed to the public • Brochures prepared for dissemination and advertisement of MAE research capabilities • MAE research website has been redesigned • The first MAE Research Fair has been initiated

4. Contact Information: Dr. Sam Mukdadi Sam.Mukdadi@mail.wvu.edu (304) 293-3110 MAE Research Highlights Biomedical Research at MAE Dept. West Virginia University, Morgantown WV 3D Quantitative Ultrasound Imaging of Gingivitis and Periodontitis: In vivo and In vitro Studies Quantitative Ultrasound Imaging of Atherosclerosis in Mice Participants: Richard Crout , Peter Ngan , Eros Chaves, James Coad, Ahmed Mahmoud, Ahmed Sayed and Sam Mukdadi. Participants: S. Jamal Mustafa, BunyenTeng, Ahmed Mahmoud and Sam Mukdadi. Elastography Imaging of Breast Cancer: In vivo and In vitro Studies Hybrid US-PET Imaging of Prostate Cancer Right: another sketch of a hybrid US-PET probe that combines ultrasound and PET sensors. Concept of the dedicated PET/TDUS prostate imager composed of the endorectal PET/TDUS probe and two PET panel imaging modules. Participants: Jame Abraham, Ginger Layne, Ahmed Sayed and Sam Mukdadi. Participants: MohamadSalkini, Stan Majewski, Alexander Stolin, Ahmed Sayed and Sam Mukdadi. Hybrid image showing ultrasound images overlaid on corresponding X-ray views to visualize feature regions . Dental ultrasound imaging in vivo High resolution 3D ultrasound system schematic. Signal Processing technique used for obtaining ultrasound parametric images. Histopathology images 3D parametric ultrasound images Optical and histology images of gingival tissue. Average dB parametric values for the APOE, DKO and C57 cases showing the highest value for the APOE case. B-Mode images for APOE and DKO Atherosclerotic vessels and the corresponding parametric images. A new concept of assembling both ultrasound and PET sensors into one probe. In vivo B-mode, mammography and 3D elastography images of a 40-yr old female having two benign breast masses. A dual mammography–elastography imaging setup for human subjects. 3D in vivo axial strain, first principal strain, maximum shear strain and Von Mises strain elastograms. The mass is best defined using maximum shear elastogram.

5. MAE Research Highlights Center for Applied Multiphase Flow Research West Virginia University, Morgantown WV Mission Summary Current Projects Researchers Warm Air Dryer for Fine Particles (WADFP) : • Provide Research & Development Technology for emerging fluidization and dry mineral processing industries in West Virginia and the Nation as an internationally recognized fluidization research center. • Collaborate with regional universities, industry and government labs, to focus on contributions to the economic development of the state of West Virginia. • Dr. Eric Johnson (Emeritus Professor, • Primary Investigator) • Dr. Bruce Kang • (Professor) • Post Doctoral Fellows • Dr. Steven Rowan • Graduate Students • Eric Legg • Jackson Wolfe • Jeremy Register • Ming Zhang • Robert Almond • Bryan Wimer • Aaron Aktar • Jordan Musser • Separation of mineral matter from coal using a fluidized bed riser. • Warm air drying of coal in a fluidized bed riser • Development of instrumentation for measuring particle residence times in a fluidized bed riser via UV illumination and photo-detectors. • Determination of tracer gas dispersion in a fluidized bed riser Accomplishments • Particle separation by differences in density and/or particle size distribution • Sand / Steel Shot • Coal / Pyrite • Sand (by diameter) • Fluidized bed drying of fine coal particles • Moisture reduction in Lignite from 60% to 6% • Development of scaling procedures for the process of drying fine particles. • Application of deterministic chaos and signal processing to the study of fluidization. • Development of a mass balance model for gas dispersion in a fluidized bed riser. Introduction • A significant portion of the research conducted at the Center for Applied Multiphase Flow Research at West Virginia University is focused upon developing so-called “dry” separation technologies for the mining industry. • These dry technologies can offer an alternative to the current “wet” separation methods that result in large volumes of water that require cleaning and filtration to meet stringent EPA clean water requirements. Particle Illumination Chamber for RTD (residence time distribution) Testing Recent Publications Johnson, et al. (2011) Effects of Secondary Air Injection Upon the Fluidization Characteristics of the Lower Stage in a Two-Stage, Variable-Area Fluidized Bed Riser, International Conference on Circulating Fluidized Beds and Fluidization Technology (CFB-10), May 1-5, 2011, Sun River Resort, OR. Rowan, S. (2010) Analysis and Scaling of a Two-Stage Fluidized Bed for Drying of Fine Coal Particles Using Shannon Entropy, Thermodynamic Exergy and Statistical Methods, Ph.D. Dissertation, West Virginia University. Morgantown, WV. Objectives • Enhance the understanding of the science of fluidization. • Apply the basics of fluid dynamics and multiphase flows to industrial problems. • Develop instrumentation to support research in fluidization. Fluidized Bed Riser with CO2 Tracer Probes Facilities • Multi-purpose cold flow fluidized bed risers • CO2 tracer gas measurement system • Steam-jacketed hot flow fluidized bed riser for drying of fine particles • Novel long wave UV particle illumination system with photo-detectors to allow for determination of particle residence times • Omega Engineering OMB-DAQ-3000 USB data acquisition system with OMB-PDQ30 expansion module Contact information Dr. Eric Johnson Phone: 304-293-3134 Fax: 304-293-6689 Email: eric.johnson@mail.wvu.edu Or Dr. Steven Rowan steve.rowan@mail.wvu.edu Acknowledgements The Center for Applied Multiphase Flow Research would like to thank the Center for Advanced Separation Technologies (CAST) and the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) for their financial support.

6. CAFEE Defense Systems Dan Cardes* Andrew Nix Chris Atkinson Don Lyons Greg Thompson J. Nuszkowski MridulGoutam Nigel Clark Scott Wayne MridulGoutam Wade huebsch M.Perhinschi Aerodynamics UAV/Controls Wade Huebsch John Kuhlman Gary Morris John Loth M. Napolitano Larry Banta M. Perhinschi Brad Seanor Yu Gu Marwin Chen NIFT/CFD/Energy Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Research Map Ismail Celik* Xinglo Liu Nathan Weiland Wade Huebsch John Kuhlman David Lewellen Steve Lewellen Dick Bajura Eric Johnson Biomechanics Sam Mukdadi Ismail Celik Nick Wu Materials CIRA Energy, Defense, Engines Mech. Design and Structures Darran Cairns Ever Barbero Bruce Kang Xingbo Liu Xueyang Song Ed Sobolsky Nick Wu DaneeshSimien Kostas Sierros Jim Smith* Gerald Angle Andy Pertl Ken Means Victor Mucino SamirShoukry Russ Dean NithiSivanery Jacky Prucz

7. New Research Website Click here to load website

8. Album of Successful Proposals Sections: • National Science Foundation-NSF • US Department of Energy-US DOE • US DOE –WV Sate EPSCoR • US DOE University Coal Research Program • SBIR, STTR (Small Business Research Funding, Small Business Tech Transfer) • DoD • NIH • Industry • ARPA-E

9. Initiatives • Orau-WVU • RPSEA Solicitation • Oil and Natural Gas Research Solicitation • ARPA-E FOA • Other

10. Focus on Energy Research* • Get involved and be a strong player in • NETL / RUA / URS • AEI • NRCCE • US-China CERC (Clean Energy Research Center) • DOE • * Energy Research is cited in the mission of WVU. 10

11. Renewable Energy • MAE could be the leader of innovative renewable energy research. • Wind • Solar • Biomass, Biodiesel etc. • Alternate Fuels, Marcellus Shale gas!

12. MAE RESEARCH FAIR • Abstract Submissions • 34 Graduate • 4 Undergraduate • Posters Submitted for Presentation • 33 Graduate • 4 Undergraduate

13. Miniature Collapsible Savonious Rotor Wind Turbine Presented by: Mina Rafla & Justin Chambers, under the guidance of Dr. James E. Smith • ABSTRACT • Problem: battery life of outdoor cellular and location devices for camping or hiking situations. The miniature personal collapsible wind turbine is a way for outdoorsman to travel freely while having a back-up plan for battery exhaustion. • The proposed unit is a collapsible, rugged, easily maneuverable and user-friendly portable wind turbine able to be carried within a small backpack or small storage unit. • The turbine is designed to operate at low wind speeds from 5 to 15mph and universal to many climates and conditions. The power generation is approximately 10W for an average value of wind speed for a given region. This is the power required that can support LED lighting and charge most electronic devices within an eight hour period. • The basic configuration of the turbine will utilize cost-effective materials such as polypropylene and microfiber cloth. The turbine device will utilize a skeleton style structure with a fabric skin. The generating unit was designed in such a way to be universal to many devices based on USB connection. • METHODOLOGY • Turbine Design • Tip Speed ratio • Torque • Power • Modification to increase Coefficient of Performance • Height to diameter ratio of 2 • Overlap ratio of .242 • Modifications are presented to reduce the overall dimensions • RESULTS • The results are presented as the overall dimensions of the unit and the power produced • Unit Dimensions • Dia. 12 in. x H 24in. • Power developed at 14 m/s wind speed-70 watts CONCLUSIONS This design is a safety device for campers and hikers out in wilderness situations. It was constructed for the purpose of being portable, rugged, and collapsible. The design consisted of first finding out where this could be utilized using average wind conditions in areas around the US. Once that was found ,then the velocity was known to figure out the turbine. The turbine was then designed on three parameters; first the major design of capturing the wind in the turbine, second generating electricity from the turbine and finally, putting it all together in a collapsible well-designed prototype. Since the turbine is supposed to be as light and structurally-sound as possible, the shaft was made from fiberglass and the vanes are made from rip-stop weaved nylon. The shaft is collapsible on itself and will fall into half its size when retracted. The three hubs were made of plastic from 3-D printer. The final design of the turbine collapses, then the vanes can be stuffed into a bag, then the shaft will be placed into a sleeve. The whole setup should collapse to a 15 in tube with a diameter of 2.5 inches. • METHODOLOGY • Generator Design • The savonius rotor was designed to meet the needs specific to the outdoorsman. The overall size was presented to meet a certain torque and rotational velocity. These parameters are then taken and used to find a generator that satisfies the requirements • With 5.62 Watt-hours and 20,232 joules. The charge time can be calculated at a certain wattage using empirical data. By experiment a standard HTC sensation will charge in roughly 3.76 hours at 5 watts. • The angular velocity should be about 270 rotations per minute and produce 0.4 foot-pounds of torque. • INTRODUCTION • Through research of wind maps, weather and elevation data, a usable area was assessed with wind velocities needed to operate this device. The data was used to analytically design the wind turbine, supported and optimized by CAD and CFD. • Since a savonius rotor wind turbine will be used, not a great deal of wind velocity is needed. This covers a vast majority of the United States. • An analytical calculation will be done to find the correct size per wattage needed. A typical smartphone or Iphone needs about 5 watts of power to charge completely in a couple of hours. • 10 watts will be the target power rating of the turbine. If the savonius turbine can reach 10 watts max power, then the target 5 watts will be easy to reach and fully charge the phone. REFERENCES "Wind Energy Resource Atlas of the United States." Renewable Resource Data Center (RReDC) Home Page. Web. 01 Mar. 2012. <http://rredc.nrel.gov/wind/pubs/atlas/maps/chap2/2-01m.html>. 2. "Coherent Application Threads (CATS)." Web at Boston University. Web. 01 Mar. 2012. <http://people.bu.edu/dew11/turbineperformance.html>. 3. Menet, Jean-Luc. INCREASE IN THE SAVONIUS ROTORS EFFICIENCY VIA A PARAMETRIC INVESTIGATION. Thesis. Université De Valenciennes, 2004. France: Le Mont Houy, 2004. ECOLE NATIONALE SUPERIEURE D'INGENIEURS EN INFORMATIQUE AUTOMATIQUE MECANIQUE ÉNERGETIQUE ÉLECTRONIQUE. Web. 1 Mar. 2010. <http://www.2004ewec.info/files/23_1400_jeanlucmenet_01.pdf>.  4. "Small Generators." Small-generator.com. Ningbo HaishuJiangnan Motor Factory, 1 July 2011. Web. 15 Mar. 2012. <http://small-generator.com/buy/index.php?main_page=product_info&cPath=1&products_id=11>. 

14. MAE Research Funding 2011 Proposal Submissions $83M Awards $6M Good news or bad news?

15. VISION:The Black Swan Phenomenon:White swans, gray swans, and black swans! Ref.: The Black Swan, The impact of the highly improbable by N.N. Taleb, 2010, Random House

16. Acknowledgment “Most people rather die than think, and many do!”, Bertrand Russell Thanks to many colleagues across the campus who have kindly spared their valuable time to talk to me and generously provided ideas, opinions and suggestions. Dear Visiting Committee, we also need your help!

17. Appendix of Additional Slides

18. Unearth UnconventionalResearch Areas • Law and energy • Mobility, life style and energy demand • Policy and engineering • Occupational safety and engineering • Politics and technology • e.g. How would the technology difference between the 1st and the 3rd world countries impact the world order? • Social impact of engineering solutions

19. Collaborating Entities within WVU WVU Research & Economic Development (Dr. Fred King, Dr. M. Gautam) Associate Dean for Research, Eberly College of Arts and Science: (Dr. Fred King) Davis College of Agricultural Engineering: (Tim Phipps) Health Sciences Center: (IDD) Business and Economics: (Tom Whitt) NRCEE (Richard Bajura) CERC (Jerry Fletcher) IOF – WV: (Carl Irvin) AEI: (Joe Kozuch) WVU Research Corporation, Dr. Curt Peterson and Dr. M. Gautam Associate Dean For Research (TBD) 19

20. Research Cannot Stand Alone 20

21. Growing the Graduate Program Aggressively seek research training grants • IGERT: Integrative Graduate Education and Research Traineeship • Mission: PhD scientists and engineers who will pursue careers in research and education, with the interdisciplinary backgrounds, deep knowledge in chosen disciplines, and technical, professional, and personal skills to become, in their own careers, leaders and creative agents for change. • Others like IGERT e.g.: • ES&H (Environmental safety and Health) Training Grant, NIOSH • NIH-NIBIB-T32, Biomedical Engineering Training Grant • Organize annual MAE Department Research Fair; including undergraduate honor students • Coordinate departmental research seminars facilitate full participation of graduate students (already started). 21

22. Revive Rejuvenate Senior Faculty Work on gradual transfer of knowledge and facilities, e.g. labs, equipment, computers, software etc. from senior faculty to junior faculty Provide opportunities and low cost incentives for experienced senior faculty so that they are not afraid of retiring Engage/encourage via low cost incentives capable senior faculty with low research activity back into active research ( must be creative ) Mentor young faculty, use Emeritus faculty effectively using low cost incentives, recognition and appreciation

23. Focus on Defense Department and Industrial Relations Build close connections and relations with DOD: ARO, ARL, AFOSR, ONR, DARPA etc. Special attention to NASA IV&V (Software Verification and Validation) Center to re-build or improve relations Strengthen relation with regional industries work with WV High Tec Consortium Foundation and Industries of the Future in WV Build a consortium of friendly industries to support research at MAE; leverage Alumni and Expertise of MAE Advisory Board members and Visiting Committee members. (We need your help!)

24. ACR To Do List • Provide support in writing successful proposals in response to RFP’s focusing on multi-disciplinary research topics and teams, large grants, SBIR’s and STTR’s • Work with new faculty to improve their chances to writing successful grants • Help streamlining proposal submission process and improve communication between the Department, Dean’s office, and the OSP. • Improve public relations and the image of the Department in the area of research via internet (web page, face-book, twitter etc.), newsletters, brochures, articles in magazines of professional organizations (e.g. ME. AIAA, SAE etc). • Lead IGERT (Integrative Graduate Education and Research Traineeship) and similar grants (e.g. NIH- NIBIB-T32) to enhance Ph.D. Graduate Program. • Organize annual MAE Department Research Fair day; including undergraduate honor students • Coordinate and departmental research seminars with internal and external presenters and facilitate full participation of graduate students. • Lead a think-thank-committee (RTTC) made of 3-4 faculty members to formulate research mission and vision for the Department as well as to provide guidance in research topics and funding opportunities. • Prepare an album of successful proposals and make it available to all faculty; update every other year. • Over all, try to make MAE Department a research friendly department

25. Vision for Research “Every real problem can and will be solved” - Ernst Mach MAE: Research Engine of CEMR CEMR: Locomotive of WVU MAE will remain the lead department in innovative research and research based graduate education. 25

26. Strategy to Enhancing Sponsored Research (Chair’s message) • Encourage innovation and quick marketing in applied research • Promote cooperative interdisciplinary efforts • Allow productive faculty sufficient time to pursue funding opportunities. • Mentor new faculty in teamwork and proposal development • Leverage the support, connections and resources of the Res. Corp. • Build/strengthen expertise around specific research areas:

27. Planning, Implementation and Assessment * Goals must be aligned with CEMR and WVU strategic plan ** A synergy of bottom-up and top-down approaches is necessary 27

28. 1-2 faculty (guitar players) 1-5 faculty (quartet) 5-10 faculty (symphony) Focus on Large Interdisciplinary Grants Securing one large grant maybe more efficient and effective than 10 small ones

29. Enhance resources for research Lead a think-tank-committee (RTTC) made of 3-4 faculty members to formulate research mission and to provide guidance. Prepare an album of successful proposals, a booklet of reoccurring RFP’s and make it available to all faculty; update every other year (done). Improve public relations and the image of the Department in the area of research via internet (web page, face-book, twitter etc.), newsletters, brochures, articles in magazines of professional organizations (e.g. ME. AIAA, SAE etc) (already started). Disseminate information on funding opportunities targeting groups of faculty (ongoing)