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The Scientific Revolution and Enlightenment

The Scientific Revolution and Enlightenment. "New opinions are always suspected, and usually opposed, without any other reason but because they are not already common." John Locke 1690. Thinking before Enlightenment. Beliefs in science were 100’s of years old Geo Centric Theory

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The Scientific Revolution and Enlightenment

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  1. The Scientific Revolution and Enlightenment

  2. "New opinions are always suspected, and usually opposed, without any other reason but because they are not already common." • John Locke 1690

  3. Thinking before Enlightenment • Beliefs in science were 100’s of years old • Geo Centric Theory • Earth is center of the universe • Spontaneous generation • Maggots in rotten meat • Challengers to these beliefs faced the Inquisition. • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CSe38dzJYkY

  4. The Scientific Revolution • 1500s to 1700s • People rely on Reason and Logic. • Everything deserves observation and scrutiny • The scientific method • Process of Observing, Experimenting

  5. Key Figures • Copernicus • Heliocentric Theory • Galileo Galillei • Challenged the Church • Sentenced to house arrest for the remainder of his life. • Created new powerful telescope, pendulum clock.

  6. Key Figures • Rene Descartes • Geometry • Coordinate Plane • Andreas Vesalius • Human Anatomy • Robert Boyle • Chemistry • Old belief: All matter was made of water, earth, air, and fire. • Sir Isaac Newton • Natural Laws • Laws that govern the universe (laws of motion and gravity)

  7. The Movement Spreads • Scientist created learning communities (Salons) • Published papers • Ideas spread throughout Europe and to the American Colonies • This movement became known as The Enlightenment. • the idea that people were not stuck with their lot in life, but could take charge and improve their existence by replacing blind faith in authority with their own ability to reason.

  8. Enlightenment in Politics • Thomas Hobbes • People are naturally greedy and selfish. • Believed in Divine Right • Kings have been given the right to rule by God. • Without a strong government, people would behave badly and their “lives would be solitary, poor, nasty, brutish and short”. • You conceded your rights to the government, in return for your life. • The people have no right to rebel against the government.

  9. Enlightenment in Politics • John Locke • Humans are naturally good. • Opposed Divine Right • All people possess certain Natural Rights. • Life, Liberty, and Property • If government doesn’t protect these rights, the people need to revolt.

  10. Monarchs • Prussian King changed laws to help peasants. • Catherine the Great of Russia expanded the Russian education system. • Austrian King allowed religious tolerance and reduced the influence of the Catholic Church • Seen by many citizens and peasants as Not Enough

  11. Identify 3 scientific discoveries of the past 50 years. Why are they significant and how have they influenced your lives or others? • Due Wednesday in Email

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