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Understanding Cellular Respiration: ATP Production & Energy Release

Learn the intricate process of cellular respiration, from glycolysis to electron transport chain, generating energy (ATP) in living organisms. Discover the significance of aerobic and anaerobic pathways like fermentation.

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Understanding Cellular Respiration: ATP Production & Energy Release

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  1. Cellular Respiration http://www.biology.clc.uc.edu/courses/bio104/atp.htm

  2. Vocabulary • Anaerobic- without oxygen • Aerobic- with oxygen

  3. Cellular Respiration • The process by which living things release the energy (ATP) stored in organic molecules

  4. Equation • C6H12O6 + 6O2 -----> 6CO2 + 6H20 + energy (heat and ATP)

  5. Cell Respiration

  6. Glycolysisaka: Step 1 • A series of 10 reactions • The process breaks down glucose into 2 pyruvatemolecules and 2 ATP • Occurs in cytosol/cytoplasm

  7. Glycolylsis • Glucose (6 carbon sugar) is broken down into 2 Pyruvateacids (3 carbon sugars)

  8. Glycolysis

  9. Fermentationaka: Step 1.5 • The process by which pyruvate is converted in the absence of oxygen into either alcohol or lactic acid

  10. Alcohol Fermentation

  11. Lactic Acid Fermentation

  12. Alcohol Fermentation Creates CO2 EX= Root beer and ethanol Lactic Acid Fermentation No CO2 EX= Muscle Aches and cheese Fermentation Plant Vs. Animal

  13. Availability of OxygenAKA: Aerobic Respiration • If no oxygen is available- the process stops. • If oxygen becomes available, the process moves onto oxidative reduction & the kreb’s cycle. • Possible for 36 ATP to be made.

  14. Oxidative Reaction • The process by which pyruvate is broken down in the presence of oxygen into a two-carbon molecule (acytl COA) which enters the Krebs cycle.

  15. Oxidative Reduction Continued • Carbs are broken down into water and CO2. • Removal of H+ = Oxidation • Addition of H+= Reduction • OIL RIG

  16. Krebs cycleaka: Step 2 • H+ is added to NAD+ • NADH is produced to supply the electron transport system • Occurs in mitochondrial matrix

  17. Krebs cycle cont. • The two-carbon fragment joins with a four-carbon sugar. Eight additional reactions occur releasing carbon dioxide and 2 ATP

  18. Krebs cycle • The NADH transports hydrogen atoms and electrons to the electron transport chain • ATP is generated and the hydrogen joins oxygen • 2 H+ + O H2O(water)

  19. Simple Krebs Cycle

  20. Products of Krebs Cycle • 1 glucose= 2 turns on the cycle • Plus- 6NADH, 2FADH, 2ATP and acetyl co A.

  21. Electron Transport Chain

  22. Electron Transport Chainaka: Step 3 • NADH2 releases H+ and e- are transferred to e- acceptors. • E- get passed along in redox reactions. (hot potato) • Most (34) ATP is made here

  23. E.T.C. cont. • When e- run out of energy, oxygen binds with H+ to form water.

  24. E.T.C. Drawing

  25. ATP • In the presence of oxygen, up to 36 additional ATP are produced

  26. ATP Yield • Glycolysis= 2 ATP • Kreb Cycle = 2 ATP • E.T.C. = 34 ATP • ____________________ • Total Possible = 38 ATP

  27. One More Time http://www.biology.clc.uc.edu/courses/bio104/atp.htm

  28. Add animation http://www.phschool.com/science/biology_place/labbench/lab5/cellular.html • Recipes- http://biology.clc.uc.edu/Courses/bio104/cellresp.htm • animation http://www.life.uiuc.edu/plantbio/cell/images/ATPSynthesis.gif

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