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MLA Citations, Paraphrasing, and Summarizing

MLA Citations, Paraphrasing, and Summarizing. Purdue OWL. W hat are the differences between quoting, paraphrasing, and summarizing?. These three ways of incorporating other writers' work into your own writing differ according to the closeness of your writing to the source writing . Quotations.

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MLA Citations, Paraphrasing, and Summarizing

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  1. MLA Citations, Paraphrasing, and Summarizing Purdue OWL

  2. What are the differences between quoting, paraphrasing, and summarizing? • These three ways of incorporating other writers' work into your own writing differ according to the closeness of your writing to the source writing.

  3. Quotations Quotations must be identical to the original, using a narrow segment of the source. They must match the source document word for word and must be attributed to the original author.

  4. Example • Example: • The United States was built upon important principles. In The Declaration of Independence, Jefferson declared that “all men are created equal” (p. 140), and therefore all possess the rights to “life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness” (p. 140).

  5. Paraphrasing Paraphrasing involves putting a passage from source material into your own words. A paraphrase must also be attributed to the original source. Paraphrased material is usually shorter than the original passage, taking a somewhat broader segment of the source and condensing it slightly.

  6. Example • Example: • In the most well-known and most frequently cited portion of The Declaration of Independence, Thomas Jefferson makes it very clear that all people are created equal under God. Because each person is equal, that means that each citizen of the United States has the same rights, including the right to live, be free, and pursue their own happiness (p. 140).

  7. Summarizing Summarizing involves putting the main idea(s) into your own words, including only the main point(s). Once again, it is necessary to attribute summarized ideas to the original source. Summaries are significantly shorter than the original and take a broad overview of the source material.

  8. Example Example: The Declaration of Independence provides the philosophy of the colonial revolutionaries and outlines their experiences with what they call a tyrannical king. In this famous call for freedom, Thomas Jefferson identifies “self-evident” truths, then organizes a list of objectionable acts of King George III, arranged in order from least to most offensive. He also outlines all of the reasons that the colonials are dissatisfied with their government, and therefore, must become an independent nation.

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