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Personality

Personality. Chapter 10. Activity. On a ½ sheet of paper- write a list of words/characteristics that describe your personality (tear off the empty half). Get a partner that knows you- give them the empty half sheet with your name on it Your partner should now describe you.

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Personality

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  1. Personality • Chapter 10

  2. Activity • On a ½ sheet of paper- write a list of words/characteristics that describe your personality (tear off the empty half)

  3. Get a partner that knows you- give them the empty half sheet with your name on it • Your partner should now describe you

  4. Give the list back to the person • Compare the list you wrote, with the list your partner wrote • Are there similarities & differences? Why?

  5. How are people similar? • How are people different? • What makes you unique?

  6. Personality • A person’s unique and relatively consistent patterns of thinking, feeling, and behaving.

  7. Theories of Personality Different theories tell us how and why we have the personality we do.

  8. Psychoanalysis- Freud • Personality is determined from your unconscious desires/ conflicts (sexual & aggressive)

  9. Freud’s Life • Born in 1855 in Austria • Cocaine and other tragedies • Escape from the Nazis • Life in Exile

  10. Consciousness • Unconscious- what you don’t know is there- formed in early childhood • Preconscious- you don’t know, but can get easily • Conscious- what you know and can remember

  11. Psychoanalytical ApproachThe Unconscious Mind • Unconscious Mind – the most basic of all human instincts and desires. Primitive, uncontrolled thoughts of sex, aggression, hunger.

  12. Psychoanalytical ApproachThe Unconscious Mind • Unconscious Mind – contains all of our repressedthoughts, passions, desires, wishes, feeling, etc. Repressed feelings are blocked because they would be too unsettling to acknowledge

  13. Psychoanalytical ApproachThe Unconscious Mind • Unconscious Mind – Freud believed that to really understand a patient’s true personality, he needed to access the unconscious mind.

  14. Psychoanalytical Approach How do we access the Unconscious Mind?

  15. Psychoanalytical ApproachAccessing the Unconscious Mind • Dream Interpretation • Manifest Content – the actual content of dreams • Latent Content – the interpreted content of a dream

  16. Psychoanalytical ApproachAccessing the Unconscious Mind • Free Association • Patient reports all thoughts, feelings, and mental images that come to mind. • Ie. Say the first thing that comes to mind when I say “Cat”

  17. Accessing the Unconscious Mind • The Freudian Slips • Freud's term for these was "faulty action" In every case there is a presumed unconscious reason for the “faulty action”. • errors of speech • memory • action-body language-body cues

  18. Psychoanalytical ApproachAccessing the Unconscious Mind • The Freudian Slip - Speech • "As I was telling my husb—" before abruptly breaking off and correcting herself: "As I was telling President Bush." • Condeleeza Rice • Does the Secretary of State have a tormented life??

  19. Psychoanalytical ApproachAccessing the Unconscious Mind • The Freudian Slip - Speech • “Please do not give me any bills, because I cannot swallow them” (Patient meant to say pills, but was really preoccupied by financial stresses) • “You’re the breast dressed woman here.” (Man to his neighbor’s wife at costume party. Should have said best. Does this men he lusts after her?)

  20. Psychoanalytical ApproachAccessing the Unconscious Mind • The Freudian Slip - Body • “Yes, I really like you.” (Hands on hips and legs crossed? Body-language indicates defiance and un-acceptance.) • “No, I never cheated on you.” (Playing with an ear and a shifty gaze? Indicates lying, avoiding the truth.”)

  21. Testing • Projective Tests • Personality tests that provide ambiguous stimuli to trigger one’s inner thoughts and feelings

  22. Psychoanalytical ApproachDeveloping Personality • The battle for satisfaction between the unconscious mind and our conscious awareness takes place on three mental battlefields: • ID • EGO • SUPEREGO

  23. Freud’s personality structure • Id- At Birth • Unconscious • Pleasure Principle • Irrational, instinctual, Immediate

  24. Ego- comes with experience • Reality Principle • Part Conscious (un, pre) • Organized, rational, acceptable ways to desire • Mediator

  25. Superego- (5 or 6) • Morality Principle • Partly Conscious (un, pre) • Values, acceptable behavior, “conscience”, guilt-shame-anxiety

  26. Ego Defense Mechanisms • Your EGO must safely and responsibly satisfy your ID, while keeping in mind your SUPEREGO

  27. Too much for the ego= anxiety • Reality is distorted to keep away the anxiety

  28. Defense Mechanism • Your mind’s way of reducing internal stress caused by excess anxiety

  29. Repression Excluding from consciousness all anxiety producing thoughts, feelings, impulses

  30. You can’t remember anything about a car accident you had two weeks ago • The accident produces too much anxiety- so it “goes away”

  31. Regression • Behaving in a way that is characteristic of earlier development (childlike).

  32. My 10 year old is sucking her thumb all of a sudden, she stopped at age 2. • After a divorce (she can’t handle the idea) she reverts back to a “safer” time

  33. Identification • When a person changes some aspect of their personality to be more like others – thus reducing anxiety. • Occurs on a subconscious level – not just mimicking

  34. Psychoanalytical ApproachDefense Mechanisms • Reaction Formation is when the EGO is stressed over whether not it is making the right decision regarding a behavior, so instead of dealing with the anxiety, the EGO enacts behavior that is exactly opposite of the decision it made

  35. Psychoanalytical ApproachDefense Mechanisms • Reaction Formation So a child, angry at his or her mother, may become overly concerned with her and rather dramatically shower her with affection. An abused child may run to the abusing parent. Or someone who can't accept a homosexual impulse may claim to despise homosexuals

  36. Displacement • Redirection of impulse toward a “safe” alternative

  37. I go home and kick my dog. • I was really upset because my seniors miss too many days of class, I can’t hurt them, so I pick something I can hurt

  38. Rationalization • Justifying your actions/ feelings with another explanation- not your true feelings

  39. I’m glad I didn’t get into that college- the drive would have been too far. • You were really upset about not getting in, but can’t face that anxiety

  40. Projection • Giving your own unacceptable urges or qualities to others.

  41. I don’t understand how he doesn’t get a detention- he is always late to class! • You have been late 123 times, but you don’t talk about YOU.

  42. Denial • Failing to recognize or acknowledge the existence of information that causes anxiety.

  43. No, I don’t have a drinking problem, I can stop anytime I want. • You are an alcoholic- your friends and family all know it, but you won’t admit it.

  44. Sublimation • The Transfer of unwanted behaviors into something less harmful. • Freud considered it the only healthy defense mechanism

  45. A person who is angry may work out and get in shape as a result • A person that is sexually frustrated may become an artist and release the pent up energy and emotion into great works of art.

  46. Psychosexual Stages • Freud’s theory of sexual development • “Sexual” means whatever brings pleasure, not procreation

  47. Different sexual urges are expressed through different parts of the body at different ages. • The “pleasure centers”

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