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The Branches of Government

The Branches of Government. Articles I,II,III. Seven Articles . The Constitution contains seven divisions called Articles. Each article covers a general topic Article 1 – establishes the legislative branch Article 2 – creates an executive branch

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The Branches of Government

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  1. The Branches of Government Articles I,II,III

  2. Seven Articles • The Constitution contains seven divisions called Articles. • Each article covers a general topic • Article 1 – establishes the legislative branch • Article 2 – creates an executive branch • Article 3 – establishes a Supreme Court and jurisdiction, authority. • Article 4 – explains the relationship of states to one another and to the national government • Article 5 – spells out the ways that the Constitution can be amended, or changed. • Article 6 – contains the supremacy clause – establishes the constitution • Article 7 – addresses addressing ratification and declares that the constitution would take effect after it was ratified by nine states.

  3. Legislative Branch Article I • United States Congress is part of this branch • Congress is made up of 2 house: • House of Representatives • Senate • Main goal of this branch is to make laws • Members are elected by the people

  4. House of Representatives • Made up of 435 members • Number of representatives determined by state’s population • Members are elected every 2 years • Must be at least 25 years old • Must be a U.S. citizen for 7 years prior • Must live in the state they are representing

  5. The Senate • 2 from every state (100 total) • Elected every 6 years • Must be at least 30 years old • Must be a U.S. citizen for 9 years prior • Must live in the state they represent

  6. What Congressmen Do • The House initiates revenue bills • The House impeaches Federal officials • The House elects the president in case of a tie in the electoral college • The Senate tries impeachment cases • The Senate confirms presidential appointments

  7. Making Laws • House of Representatives must pass the Bill with majority rule • The Senate must do the same • President will either pass (sign) or veto the bill • Congress can override the veto with a 2/3 majority in both the Senate and House

  8. Questions? • What is the main job of the Legislative branch? • Make the laws

  9. Questions? • What are the two parts of Congress? • Senate and House of Representatives

  10. Questions? • How long is the term for the Senate? • 6 years • How long is the term for the House of Representatives? • 2 years

  11. The Judicial BranchArticle III • Supreme Court heads the Judicial Branch • The Court is run by Justices (9) with one of them being the Chief Justice (Roberts) • The Supreme Court make decisions on Legal Cases involving the Constitution • Members are appointed by the President • Main goal is to make sure all laws and actions by the Executive and Legislative branches are Constitutional

  12. The Supreme Court • Only court established by the Constitution • All other courts set up by Legislative Branch • They determine if federal, state, and local governments are acting with the law (Constitution) • All decisions are final

  13. Supreme Court Justices • Nine Judges (Justices) on the court • One Chief Justice and eight associate Justices • All are appointed by the president with approval by the Senate • No age requirement • Justices remain in office for life or until they resign, die, or are impeached and removed.

  14. Questions? • How many Justices serve on the Supreme Court? • Nine

  15. Questions? • What is the main job of the Judicial Branch? • Determine Constitutionality of laws passed by Congress

  16. Executive BranchArticle II • The head of this branch is the President • His job is to enforce the laws • The President’s Cabinet is also part of this branch • Made up of 15 departments • President’s closest advisors (confidants) • Ex: Department of Education, Department of Defense • Federal Agencies help in enforcing the laws • Ex: TSA (Transportation Security Administration), EPA ( Environmental Protection Agency)

  17. The President • Commander in Chief • Elected by the people and electoral college • Must be at least 35 • Must be a natural born U.S. citizen • Must have lived in the U.S. for 14 years • Serves 4 year terms • Can be re-elected for a 2nd term • Barack Obama(2009/2012)

  18. The Vice President • Second in command • Takes over if something happens to the president • President chooses the Vice President • Elected by the Electoral College • Is the president of the Senate • Joe Biden

  19. Questions? • Name 2 of the criteria to become President of the Unites States: • Must be at least 35 • Must be a natural born citizen • Must live in the U.S. for 14 years.

  20. Questions? • Who is the President of the Senate? • The Vice-President (currently Joe Biden)

  21. Questions? • How does the government make sure that one branch does not become too powerful? • Checks and Balances

  22. Questions? • Name one Checks and Balance? • Executive Branch can veto laws made by the Legislative Branch • The Legislative Branch can reject appointments made by the President • The Judicial Branch can declare actions of the Executive or Legislative Branches unconstitutional

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