Osteoporosis

1. Osteoporosis Let’s Work Together to GetBone Healthy!

2. The Osteoporosis Problem: • Major health threat for an estimated 44 million people 50 years and older including • Hip • Vertebral (spine) • Wrist and other • 10 million estimated with osteoporosis • 34 million estimated with low bone mass (osteopenia) • 1 in 2 women and 1 in 4 men over 50 will have an osteoporosis-related fracture Source: National Osteoporosis Foundation Web site; retrieved October 2006 at http://www.nof.org

3. OSTEOPOROSIS RESULTS IN: • Hip Fractures most devastating • One in five elderly people die within a year of the fracture • One in four become disabled • One in five must move to a nursing home within a year • Many become isolated and depressed Source: The 2004 Surgeon General’s Report on Bone Health and Osteoporosis; retrieved October 2006 at http://www.surgeongeneral.gov/library/bonehealth

4. Osteoporosis Affects Women & Men of All Ethnicities • Men • 80,000 hip fractures/ year • Women of all ethnic backgrounds • One in twenty African-American women • One in ten Mexican-American women • People of all ages • Increasing number of women in 20s-30s Source: The 2004 Surgeon General’s Report on Bone Health and Osteoporosis; retrieved October 2006 at http://www.surgeongeneral.gov/library/bonehealth

5. What is Osteoporosis? Osteoporosis causes weak bones. Bones lose minerals like calcium. They become fragile and break easily. Normal Bone Bone with Osteoporosis Source: The 2004 Surgeon General’s Report on Bone Health and Osteoporosis; retrieved October 2006 at http://www.surgeongeneral.gov/library/bonehealth

6. Why is Bone Health Important? Source: The 2004 Surgeon General’s Report on Bone Health and Osteoporosis;retrieved October 2006 at http://www.surgeongeneral.gov/library/bonehealth

7. Bones are living active tissue • Calcium is needed for our bones daily. • Bones build to about age 30. • We need to build up ourbones while young

8. Risk Factors • Being Female • Advanced age • Thin, small-boned • Caucasian or Asian ethnicity • Family history of osteoporosis • Inactive lifestyle or extended bed rest

9. Risk Factors • Abnormal menstrual history • Late menarche • Menstrual interruptions/irregularities • Early menopause (< age 45) • Estrogen deficiency: menopause • History of eating disorder/strict dieting • Low testosterone levels (men) • Low lifetime calcium intake

10. Risk Factors • Certain medical conditions • Bone fracture after age 40 • Rheumatoid arthritis • Thyroid disorder • Parathyroid disorder • Poorly controlled Type 1 diabetes • Lactose intolerance • Digestion disorders

11. Risk factors • Medication use • Long-term corticosteroid use • High doses thyroid hormone • Anti-seizure or epilepsy medications • Certain diuretics • Excessive aluminum-containing antacids • Gonadotrophin-releasing hormone agonist

12. 5 Steps to Better Bone Health National Osteoporosis Foundation recommends… 5 simple steps to prevent osteoporosis.

13. Step 1 Balanced diet with daily recommended amounts of Calcium and Vitamin D.

14. Calcium Source: The 2004 Surgeon General’s Report on Bone Health and Osteoporosis;retrieved October 2006 at http://www.surgeongeneral.gov/library/bonehealth

15. Vitamin D Main dietary sources of vitamin D are: • Fortified milk • Some fortified cereals • Cold saltwater fish (salmon, halibut, tuna, oysters & shrimp) • Some calcium and vitamin/mineral supplements Vitamin D is created when you skin is exposed to sunlight

16. Step 2. Regular Exercise

17. Avoidsmoking and excessive alcohol Step 3

18. Step 4: Talk to your healthcare provider about bone health

19. Step 5: Bone density testing and medication when appropriate. Testing is simple and painless

20. Get a Bone Mineral Density (BMD) Test . . . • All women age 65 and older • Younger postmenopausal women with one or more risk factors • Postmenopausal women with fractures to confirm the diagnosis of osteoporosis & disease severity

21. Prevent before this…

22. Prevention and TreatmentYou are never too old or too young to improve your bone health • Adults • At least 30 minutes of moderate physical activity a day • Strength and balance training • Protect from falls • Eye exam to check for visual impairments • Bone density test with a fracture after age 50, and for everyone with risk factors • Bone density test for all women over age 65 • Extra calcium and vitamin D over age 50 • Medication, if indicated, to prevent bone loss or build new bone

23. Prevention and TreatmentYou are never too old or too young to improve your bone health • Children & Teens • Teens are at greater risk for poor bone health because of rapidly growing bones and poor diet • At least one hour of physical activity a day • Increase calcium during teens • Babies • Bone health begins before birth

24. Prevention is the KEY… It is important to • Build healthy bones while you are young • Continue a healthy diet and lifestyle throughout your lifetime

25. Sources of Information • Bone Health and Osteoporosis: A Report of the Surgeon General, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 2004. http://www.surgeongeneral.gov/library/bone health/content.html • National Osteoporosis Foundation http://www.nof.org

26. Websites For More Osteoporosis Information: • http://www.surgeongeneral.gov/library/bone health/content.html • http://chfs.ky.gov/dph/ach/osteo • http://www.osteofound.org/ • http://www.niams.nih.gov/bone/ • http://www.strongwomen.com/

27. Presentation created by: The Kentucky Department for Public Health Arthritis & Osteoporosis Program