Chapter Twenty-Three: Transoceanic Encounters and Global Connections

1. Bentley & Ziegler, TRADITIONS AND ENCOUNTERS, 2/e Chapter Twenty-Three: Transoceanic Encounters and Global Connections

2. Chapter Twenty-Three:Transoceanic Encounters and Global Connections • The European Reconnaissance of the World’s Oceans • Motives for Exploration • Portuguese Exploration Caravan traveling from China to Europe, Catalan Atlas ca. 1375

3. Chapter Twenty-Three:Transoceanic Encounters and Global Connections • The European Reconnaissance of the World’s Oceans • Motives for Exploration • Portuguese Exploration • The Lure of Trade • Missionary Efforts

4. Chapter Twenty-Three:Transoceanic Encounters and Global Connections • The European Reconnaissance of the World’s Oceans • The Technology of Exploration • Navigational Instruments Mariner using cross staff to determine latitude.

5. Chapter Twenty-Three:Transoceanic Encounters and Global Connections • The European Reconnaissance of the World’s Oceans • The Technology of Exploration • Navigational Instruments • Knowledge of Winds and Currents • The volta do mar

6. Chapter Twenty-Three:Transoceanic Encounters and Global Connections • The European Reconnaissance of the World’s Oceans • Voyages of Exploration: From the Mediterranean to the Atlantic European Exploration in the Atlantic Ocean, 1486-1498 C.E.

7. Chapter Twenty-Three:Transoceanic Encounters and Global Connections • The European Reconnaissance of the World’s Oceans • Voyages of Exploration: From the Mediterranean to the Atlantic • Prince Henry of Portugal • Vasco da Gama • Christopher Columbus • Hemispheric Links

8. Chapter Twenty-Three:Transoceanic Encounters and Global Connections • The European Reconnaissance of the World’s Oceans • Voyages of Exploration: From the Atlantic to the Pacific • Ferdinand Magellan • The Circumnavigation • Exploration of the Pacific • Captain James Cook

9. Chapter Twenty-Three:Transoceanic Encounters and Global Connections • Trade and Conflict in Early Modern Asia • Trading-Post Empires • Portugese Trading Posts • Afonso d’Alboquerque • English and Dutch Trading Posts • The Trading Companies

10. Chapter Twenty-Three:Transoceanic Encounters and Global Connections • Trade and Conflict in Early Modern Asia • European Conquests in Southeast Asia • Conquest of the Philippines • Manila • Conquest of Java The City of Batavia, ca. 1650

11. Chapter Twenty-Three:Transoceanic Encounters and Global Connections • Trade and Conflict in Early Modern Asia • Commercial Rivalries and the Seven Years’ War • Competition and Conflict • The Seven Years’ War • British Hegemony

12. Chapter Twenty-Three:Transoceanic Encounters and Global Connections • Global Exchanges • The Columbian Exchange • Biological Exchanges • Epidemic Diseases and Population Decline • Food Crops and Animals • American Crops American crops unknown to Europe

13. Chapter Twenty-Three:Transoceanic Encounters and Global Connections • Global Exchanges • The Columbian Exchange • Biological Exchanges • Epidemic Diseases and Population Decline • Food Crops and Animals • American Crops • Population Growth

14. Chapter Twenty-Three:Transoceanic Encounters and Global Connections • Global Exchanges • The Columbian Exchange • Biological Exchanges • Epidemic Diseases and Population Decline • Food Crops and Animals • American Crops • Population Growth • Migration

15. Chapter Twenty-Three:Transoceanic Encounters and Global Connections • Global Exchanges • The Origins of Global Trade • Transoceanic Trade • The Manila Galleons Spanish galleons off coast of Acapulco

16. Chapter Twenty-Three:Transoceanic Encounters and Global Connections • Sources From The Past: Christopher Columbus’s First Impression of American Peoples “They are very gentle and do not know what evil is; nor do they kill others, nor steal; and they are without weapons and so timid that a hundred of them flee from one of our men even if our men are teasing them...” - Christopher Columbus

17. Chapter Twenty-Three:Transoceanic Encounters and Global Connections • Sources From The Past: Afonso D’Alboquerque Seizes Hormuz “And when Afonso saw… the unexpected victory that Our Lord had sent him and the Moors throwing themselves into the sea from fear of our artillery… [Afonso] called out to the captains to take their boats and follow up the victory.” - Commentaries of the Great Afonso Dalboquerque