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BIO 110, Life Science. Summer 2012. What is food? What’s it used for?. Energy Repair Specialized chemicals Carbohydrates Lipids Proteins Vitamins and minerals. Producers and consumers. Producer: converts environmental energy into a biologically useful form Photosynthesis
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BIO 110, Life Science Summer 2012
What is food? What’s it used for? • Energy • Repair • Specialized chemicals • Carbohydrates • Lipids • Proteins • Vitamins and minerals
Producers and consumers • Producer: converts environmental energy into a biologically useful form • Photosynthesis • Chemosynthesis • Consumer: uses energy available in other organisms
Oxidation and proton pumps • Chemical bond energy • Redox • Oxidation: losing electrons • Reduction: gaining electrons • Hydrogen’s “Lonely Nucleus Club” • Moving electrons and protons • It all ends up at ATP
Using chemical energy • Glycolysis/Fermentation • Split that glucose! • Capture the oxidation electrons • Make ATP • Byproducts • Mitochondria • Citric Acid Cycle • More oxidation, lots of electrons, some ATP, CO2 • Electron Transport • Using the electrons to make…ATP! • Electrochemical gradients • Where to dump the protons?