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Energy Access Global and Local Initiatives

Energy Access Global and Local Initiatives. Shafat Sultan The Energy and Resources Institute (TERI) New Delhi. 01 Feb 2012. Current Lighting Scenario. 1.4 billion people without basic lighting worldwide 360 million people in India -lack access to electricity 61 million rural households

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Energy Access Global and Local Initiatives

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  1. Energy Access Global and Local Initiatives Shafat Sultan The Energy and Resources Institute (TERI)New Delhi 01 Feb 2012

  2. Current Lighting Scenario • 1.4 billion people without basic lighting worldwide • 360 million people in India • -lack access to electricity • 61 million rural households • -have no access to electricity and use kerosene for lighting • 2.2 billion litres per year • -kerosene burned for lighting • Approx5.5 million tonnes CO2

  3. Lighting systems of more than one billion people

  4. Cooking & Heating Energy : Current scenario • Traditional Biomass - primary source of energy for 2.4 billion people • Biomass - 11% contribution in the global final energy consumption (2001) • Latin America – 18% • Asia – 25% • Africa – 49%

  5. Cooking and heating systems of more than two billion

  6. United Nations’ Millennium Development Goals 2012- UN declared Int’l year of Sustainable Energy for AIl The UN MDGs are comprehensive and concrete goals adopted by world leaders and the international community. They provide a framework to address extreme poverty by the year 2015.

  7. Defining universal energy access Lighting Grid extension Mini grid access Cooking Off grid access Improved technology options for cooking Fuel switch for meeting thermal energy needs Traditional sources of cooking • Access = available + affordable • A mix of these options will be crucial in achieving universal energy access by 2030/35

  8. Incremental levels of access to energy services Steady move to clean energy resources at all stages Energy for a Sustainable Future the Secretary-General’s Advisory Group On Energy And Climate Change (AGECC) Summary Report And Recommendations, 28 April 2010, New York

  9. India’s Achievement in Renewable Energy Source : MNRE Renewable Energy contributes 11.4 % in total energy generation in India

  10. India’s Achievement in Renewable EnergyContd Source : MNRE

  11. Conducive Policy framework …Contd • Remote Village Electrification Program (2004) • Rajiv Gandhi GrameenVidhyutikaranYojana(2005) • Decentralized Distributed Generation (DDG) and Supply • Rural Household Electrification of Below Poverty Line Households • National Solar Mission • Create an enabling policy framework for the deployment of 20,000 MW of solar power by 2022 • Promote programmes for off grid applications, reaching 1000 MW by 2017 and 2000 MW by 2022 • Deploy 20 million solar lighting systems for rural areas by 2022

  12. Solar Lighting Systems Solar Lantern Solar Home Lighting System Solar Home Lighting System Solar Street Lighting System

  13. Solar based Mini-Grid system in India Battery Bank Solar PV array Control room Local distribution grid

  14. Hybrid System at Sunderbans Wind Diesel hybrid system 55 kW Solar and 3.5kW Wind Electric Generator based hybrid system

  15. A Typical LaBL Solar Charging Station LaBL Lanterns: In-house Research and Quality Control Designing and Customization LaBL Solar Charging Station (SLCS) One package = 50 lanterns

  16. Solar Mobile Charging

  17. LaBL: Bringing Technology to the Masses Cost of Illuminating a village with 50 lanterns (INR in Thousands)

  18. LaBL Achievements across India 200,000 Lives Illuminated 700Villages implemented >800 Green jobs created 40,000 households lit 17 States covered 75training & capacity bldg workshops held -As of Sept 2011

  19. Metallic Cook stove in use Parabolic solar cooker Cooking and Heating • 3 billion people dependent on direct burning of biomass • Approx 150 million rural households adversely impacted by biomass based cooking in India • Close to 2 million people die globally due to indoor air pollution – chief cause of ALRI • Monitoring of IAP • A few thousand improved cook stoves installed • SHGs for manufacturing and marketing of stoves • Current commercial options cost around $40-$80 • Focus on cost reduction to bring it down to $ 20 • Focus on real time monitoring of cooking to claim C credits

  20. TERI’s prototype ICs • Single burner forced draft stove • Double burner forced draft stove • Efficiency – 35% • Price – 2000 INR (40 % less than a commercial model with comparable performance) • Field trials • Customization of technology to facilitate transition in the cooking regime • Training of stove builders

  21. Improved cook stove models

  22. Complexities • Adoption is difficult as it pertains to change in attitude and behaviour • Complex social, cultural and gender interactions • Affordability issues – makes technology development difficult • Environment an unlikely driver at the local level – more a development imperative • Motives for climate perspective not clearly understood – draw attention away from CO2 mitigation- not being taken forward in right earnest?? • Climate concerns have not led to any major investments or support for cook stove initiatives

  23. Way forward Technology development – affordable and efficient options that meet global standards Development of protocols, standards and benchmarks Testing and certification systems Recognition of BC mitigation in C trading Setting up of financial mechanisms to support cook stove initiatives

  24. Bio resource base in India • Biomass production – 840 million tons (Firewood 220 million tons) (Agro residues 620 million tons) • Biomass at par with coal, but used inefficiently

  25. Overview of Biomass Technology Research at TERI • Power Gasifier • Rural electrification (10-40 kWe) • Captive generation (50-250 kWe) • Thermal Gasifier / Stove • About 12 biomass gasifier based packages developed • Oil replacement market • Energy Efficiency improvement • Bio-fuels • Technology development for ethanol production from ligno-cellulose material • Production of fuel oil from Biomass through Pyrolysis

  26. About LaBL ITP • Offers short term volunteering assignments 3 times a year (Summer; Autumn ; Winter) ; 4 weeks • Volunteers arranged in batches; Training/orientation provided • Assign a Point Person from the LaBLteam to oversee work allocation • Undertake field / desk assignments and gain first-hand work experience

  27. ITP Enrollment: How?

  28. TERI’s Initiative: India’s First Smart Mini-Grid • 10.5 kW crystalline SPV • 1.0 kW Thin-film SPV • 2.0 kW crystalline SPV • 28.8 kWh Battery Bank • 3.2 kW Wind Generator • 100 kWe Biomass Gasifier • Diesel Gen-set E B C A D F G • Ensuring • Maximum utilization of renewable energy • Improvement in overall system efficiency • Better autonomy and control to customers • Intelligent load and energy resource management through smart controllers and advanced control techniques • Minimum network disruptions and number of blackouts

  29. Smart Mini-Grid at TERI

  30. GRIHA: Green Rating for Integrated Habitat Assessment Toolto facilitate design, construction, operation of a green building ,and in turn ….measure “greenness” of a building in India What gets measured gets managed

  31. Highlights Set of 34 criteria 100 (+4 innovation points) point system with differential weightage on various criteria • 51 - 60 • 61 - 70 • 71 - 80 • 81- 90 • 91- 100

  32. Weightage based on our National Priorities GRIHAinnovation points over and above 100 points

  33. Key highlights of GRIHA Sets out guidelines for design, construction and operation Combination of qualitative and quantitative criteria Sets performances benchmarks for key resources like, energy and water Facilitates integration of traditional knowledge on architecture with present day technology Integrates all relevant Indian codes and standards(e.g National building code 2005, Energy Conservation Building Code 2007, IS codes) Is in complete alignment with government policies and programs (e.g Environmental clearance by the MoEF)

  34. ADaRSH (Association for Development and Research of Sustainable Habitats • ADaRSH is an independent society, registered under the Societies Act, 1860 • a platform for interaction on all relevant issues pertaining to sustainable habitats in the Indian context • Was founded jointly by MNRE (Ministry of New and Renewable Energy, Government of India) and TERI (The Energy & Resources Institute, New Delhi) along with some of the experts in the fields related to sustainability of built-environment from across the country • ADaRSHpromotes and manages GRIHA – The National Rating System (Green Rating for Integrated Habitat Assessment) as a design and evaluation tool for green buildings and habitats, and administers the rating.

  35. Thank You

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