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The Mole

The Mole. Higher Chemistry, Unit 1. The Mole. In Chemistry, what is a “mole”?. A mole is a measure of mass. If you have one mole of two different substances, they will have the same mass. If you have one mole of two different substances, they will have the same number of atoms in them.

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The Mole

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  1. The Mole Higher Chemistry, Unit 1

  2. The Mole • In Chemistry, what is a “mole”?

  3. A mole is a measure of mass. If you have one mole of two different substances, they will have the same mass. If you have one mole of two different substances, they will have the same number of atoms in them. What is a mole, anyway?

  4. The Mole • The formula mass of a substance in grams.

  5. Revision • What is the mass of 1 mole of CuSO4? • What is the mass of 0.25 moles of ammonia? • How many moles are there in 5g of hydrogen fluoride?

  6. The Mole revisited

  7. The Mole revisited • DEFINITION: “One mole of any substance contains the same number of elementary entities as there are in 12g of carbon-12”.

  8. 6.02 x 1023

  9. Mole facts • 6.02 X 1023 blood cells: Would be more than the total number of blood cells found in every human on earth. • 6.02 X 1023 doughnuts: Would cover the Earth and be 5 miles (8 km) deep. • 6.02 X 1023 pennies: Would make at least 7 stacks that would reach the moon.

  10. Elementary entities

  11. Elementary entities • The units that a substance is made up of • Atoms • Molecules • Formula Units

  12. Elementary entities

  13. What type of elementary entity? • Chlorine • Silicon dioxide • Fullerene • Graphite • Sodium chloride • Sodium

  14. The Mole revisited • DEFINITION: “One mole of any substance contains the same number of elementary entities as there are in 12g of carbon-12”. • For carbon-12, the elementary entities are atoms. • 6.02 x 1023

  15. How many… • Moles of molecules are in 1 mol F2? • Moles of atoms are in 1 mol F2? • Moles of molecules are in 2 mol CH4? • Moles of atoms are in 2 mol CH4? • Moles of formula units are in 0.2 mol Na2SO4? • Moles of ions are in 0.2 mol Na2SO4? • Moles of sodiumions are in 0.2 mol Na2SO4? • Moles of electrons are in 0.75 mol magnesium ions?

  16. How many… • Molecules are in 1 mol F2? • Atoms are in 1 mol F2? • Molecules are in 2 mol CH4? • Atoms are in 2 mol CH4? • Formula units are in 0.2 mol Na2SO4? • Ions are in 0.2 mol Na2SO4? • Sodiumions are in 0.2 mol Na2SO4? • Electrons are in 0.75 mol magnesium ions?

  17. How many molecules are in 78g F2? • How many atoms are in 78g F2? • How many molecules are in 8g CH4? • How many atoms are in 8g CH4? • How many formula units are in 35.5g Na2SO4? • How many ions are in 35.5g Na2SO4? • How many protons are in 35.5g chlorine gas? • How many electrons are in 50g magnesium?

  18. A mole is a measure of mass. If you have one mole of two different substances, they will have the same mass. If you have one mole of two different substances, they will have the same number of atoms in them. What is a mole, anyway?

  19. 2007

  20. 2011

  21. 2009

  22. 2010

  23. 2008

  24. 2007

  25. 2010

  26. 2007

  27. 2008

  28. 2008

  29. Molar Volume

  30. Molar volume • The volume occupied by 1 mole of a gas. • Units are l mol-1 • At a given temperature and pressure, one mole of any gas occupies the same volume.

  31. Practice • How many atoms are there in a balloon containing 500 cm3 helium gas?

  32. Excess calculations

  33. Mixed questions

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