Science EOG

1. Science EOG Sample Questions & Test Taking Strategies

2. Warm-up: • Update your Table of Contents for today • We will be completing practice EOG questions each day for warm-up, so please start on page 18 and keep adding to it each day…so, number 1-15 for today’s questions!

3. Tutoring • Monday after school until 5:00 to review the Periodic Table and Chemistry first and then anything else that you want to go over…PLEASE COME WITH SPECIFIC QUESTIONS

4. Break It Down! • Students need to be able to read carefully and analyze exactly what the question is asking them • Students need to know content vocabulary • Students need to be able to eliminate answer choices

5. Basic Question Break Down 1-5 are random sample questions

6. Question 1 A beaker with 100 mL of water is placed on a hot plate and heated. The water boils at 100 degrees Celsius. At what temperature would 90 mL of water boil? • 10 degrees Celsius • 90 degrees Celsius • 100 degrees Celsius • 110 degrees Celsius

7. Question 2 Where is the majority of Earth’s fresh water located? • Clouds • Ocean • Polar ice caps • Rivers

8. Question 3 A layer of marine fossils is discovered in a desert environment. Which hypothesis best explains the discovery? • The area was once covered by water • Volcanic activity once occurred in the area • A catastrophic event once occurred in the area • Erosion turned most of the limestone in the area into sand

9. Question 4 The chart shows the worldwide number of measles cases over the last 20 years. What is most likely the cause of decline in cases of measles? • Antibiotics • Chemotherapy • Quarantines • Vaccines

10. Question 5 A chemical reaction produces two new substances, and each product has a mass of 25 grams. What was the total mass of the reactants? A. 25 grams B. 50 grams C. 75 grams D. 100 grams

11. Earth’s History Review Questions 6-15 focus on Earth’s History

12. Earth’s History Review 6) Whichbest explains how geologic time scales can help scientists study the evolution of life on Earth? • They describe the existence of rocks before there was life on Earth • They show that geological features have evolved at the same rate as organisms • They compare the life histories of species that have used rocks as habitats • They correlate the existence of life on Earth with geological events

13. Earth’s History Review 7) Which can most likely be concluded about the top layer of rock seen in an undisturbed cliff wall? • The top layer is older than layers located farther down the cliff • The top layer is younger than layers located farther down the cliff • The top layer contains more fossils than layers located farther down the cliff • The top layer contains fewer fossils than layers located farther down the cliff

14. Earth’s History Review 8) A scientist has a hypothesis that a large volcanic eruption caused a change in global temperature. Which information gained from ice cores is most useful in supporting this hypothesis? • Levels of dissolved oxygen • Identities of trace metals • Estimates of natural radioactivity • Amounts of atmospheric dust

15. Earth’s History Review 9) Which statement supports the theory of evolution? • All living things came from previous cells • All plants and animals have DNA • Matter cannot be created or destroyed • Fossils provide evidence that organisms share a common ancestor

16. Earth’s History Review 10) If an index fossil is found in two rock beds that are separated by an ocean, what do you know about the relationship between the two rock beds? • The rock beds used to be in the same areas • The rock beds are about the same age • The rock beds are made from the same type of rock • The rock beds are unrelated

17. Earth’s History Review 11) What best explains why scientists have found fossils of the same species of land-dwelling animal in both Africa and South America? • The animals swam from one continent to the other • The two continents were once connected by a land bridge • The animals evolved identically on the two continents at the same time • The two continents were once joined as part of a larger continent

18. Earth’s History Review 12) Fossils of warm-weather plants were found on an island in the Arctic Ocean. What can be concluded from this discovery? • Spores of the plant drifted by air currents to the island • Ocean currents carried the plants to the island • The island drifted from a tropical region to its present location in the Arctic • Seeds of plants have been carried to the island by migratory birds

19. Earth’s History Review 13) The theory of global warming is based on an increase of what atmospheric gas? • Carbon dioxide • Helium • Hydrogen • Oxygen

20. Earth’s History Review 14) Which theory best describes how an asteroid striking Earth may have caused the extinction of the dinosaurs? • Heat from the asteroid caused massive fires that reduced the food supply • Dense clouds formed following the collision causing a global drop in temperature • Land masses were altered by the collision reducing the carrying capacity of the land • Glaciers melted rapidly from the heat produced by the asteroid flooding the dinosaur’s habitats

21. Earth’s History Review 15) The Mid-Atlantic Ridge exists between the African and South American geologic plates. Which process most often occurs at the Mid-Atlantic Ridge? • Destruction of crust • Scraping of two geologic plates at a fault line • Subduction of geologic plates • Spreading of the sea floor

22. Warm-up: • Update your Table of Contents for today • We will continue with Chemistry review, so please make sure you have a copy of the Periodic Table to follow along!

23. Remember! • Elements are substances that are made of only one type of atom! THEY ARE PURE SUBSTANCES…the ingredients for all other substances on Earth!

24. Reading the periodic table • Period – Row across the periodic table (tells you how many electron shells there are, basically the atoms in each row are the same size)

25. Reading the periodic table - • Group – Column going down the periodic table (The elements in each group share similar characteristics or properties)

26. Reading the periodic table - • Group – Column going down the periodic table (The group # can also tell you how many valence electrons there are…but there is a trick)

27. “Kingdoms” of the Periodic Table • Metal – Left side of the periodic table • Broken in to two regions: • Reactive metals • Group 1 – Alkali • Group 2 – Alkaline • Nonreactive metals • Groups 3-12 are the Transition metals

28. “Kingdoms” of the Periodic Table • Nonmetals – right side of the periodic table • Two groups • Group 17 - Halogens • Very reactive gases • Group 18 -Noble Gases • Nonreactive gases Noble Gases Halogens

29. What About Hydrogen ? • Hydrogen the Weirdo • Different from any of the other elements • Nonmetal • Has 0 neutrons

30. Kingdoms of the Periodic Table • Metalloids- Found on the zig-zag steps • Have properties of metals and nonmetals

31. Remember! • We learned 2 ways to represent an individual element: Sodium

32. Atomic #: __________ Atomic Mass: _______ # of Protons: _______ # of Neutrons: ______ # of Electrons:______ Name:_________ Symbol:________

33. Lets try it the other way! Atomic # = __________ Atomic Mass = ________ # of Protons = _________ # of Neutrons = ________ # of Electrons = ________ Element Name: ________ Element Symbol: ______

34. One More Time… Atomic # = __________ Atomic Mass = ________ # of Protons = _________ # of Neutrons = ________ # of Electrons = ________ Element Name: ________ Element Symbol: ______

35. Chemical Reactions • Reactants? Product? • Law of Conservation of Matter – what goes in must come out! • Reactants = Products Reactants Products

36. But What If It Doesn’t? • STOP, THINK, DISCUSS… • If you weigh your elements before a chemical reaction, and the compounds afterwards and they do not have the same mass before and after what likely happened during the chemical reaction?

37. Al + O2 Lets Practice Al2O3

38. Let’s Practice CH4 + O2 CO2 + H2O

39. Physical Change • A physical change takes place without the element’s chemical structure changing. • EXAMPLES: • Dissolving • Phase change (solid, liquid, gas) • Changing shape

40. Chemical Change • Production of a new substance • Cannot be reversed

41. Element, Compound or Mixture? • How can you tell if something is an element, a compound or a mixture? • What types of mixtures are there?

42. Element • Must be on the Periodic Table OF ELEMENTS to be and element!

43. Compound: • Made when two or more elements combine during a chemical reaction • Examples: • Water • Salt • Sugar • Chemical Change

44. Mixture • Combines 2 or more substances without producing a chemical reaction • NOT the same throughout - heterogeneous • Can be separated easily • Examples: • Soil • Fruit salad • Physical Change

45. Solution: • A type of MIXTURE that IS the same throughout - homogenous • Solute- substance being dissolved • Solvent- substance doing the dissolving • Examples: • Salt water • Lemonade • Physical Change Salt = Solute Water= Solvent Salt Water= Solution

46. Questions?

47. Chemistry Practice Questions

48. Warm-up: • Update your Table of Contents for today… • We will continue with the Hydrosphere! I would get your book out so you can put the info in your book as we go!

49. Constructed Response • The constructed response is really an example for the 6th or 7th grade science summative, but since renewable and non-renewable resources are on your social studies vocab list & were also science topics we are going to practice one more time!

50. Water: Where Does It Come From? The Water Cycle