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Blood Pressure

Blood Pressure. Knowing your numbers can lengthen your life. What is Blood Pressure?. P ressure exerted by circulating blood upon the walls of blood vessels

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Blood Pressure

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  1. Blood Pressure Knowing your numbers can lengthen your life

  2. What is Blood Pressure? • Pressure exerted by circulating blood upon the walls of blood vessels • During each heartbeat, BP varies between a maximum pressure = systolic (ventricles contracting) and a minimum pressure = diastolic (ventricles are filled with blood)

  3. What is Blood Pressure? • Usually measured on the upper arm – on the inside of an elbow at the brachial artery • Measured by a sphygmomanometer (BP machine) • Pulse pressure is the heartbeat

  4. HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE • High blood pressure or hypertension, is a disease. • Typically it has no symptoms, but can be deadly if not treated. • 74.5 million U.S. adults have been diagnosed with high blood pressure.

  5. WHAT HAPPENS IN HBP • Over time, if the force of the blood flow is often high, the tissue that makes up the walls of arteries gets stretched beyond its healthy limit. This creates problems in several ways.

  6. BLOOD PRESSURE NUMBERS • Healthy blood pressure is 120/80 • Too high is 180/110 • Low blood pressure can signify good fitness if always low • Blood pressure changes when exercising

  7. DIFFERENCE BETWEEN BLOOD PRESSURE & HEART RATE • Blood pressure = amount of force on your arteries • Heart rate = number of times per minute your heart beats

  8. WHAT DOES IT CAUSE? • major risk factor for • heart attack • stroke • heart failure • kidney failure • The longer it's left untreated, the more serious its complications can become

  9. High Blood Pressure Risk Factors • Age - risk increases with age. • Through early middle age, high blood pressure is more common in men. • Women are more likely to develop high blood pressure after menopause.

  10. High Blood Pressure Risk Factors • Race – is more common among blacks, often developing at an earlier age than it does in whites. • Serious complications, such as stroke and heart attack, also are more common in blacks.

  11. High Blood Pressure Risk Factors • Family history - High blood pressure tends to run in families. • Being overweight or obese - The more you weigh, the more blood you need to supply oxygen and nutrients to your tissues. As the volume of blood circulated through your blood vessels increases, so does the pressure on your artery walls.

  12. Not being physically active. People who are inactive tend to have higher heart rates. The higher your heart rate, the harder your heart must work with each contraction — and the stronger the force on your arteries. Lack of physical activity also increases the risk of being overweight.

  13. High Blood Pressure Risk Factors • SMOKING - tobacco raises your blood pressure temporarily. • The chemicals in tobacco can damage the lining of your artery walls. • This can cause your arteries to narrow, increasing your blood pressure. • Secondhand smoke can also increase your blood pressure.

  14. High Blood Pressure Risk Factors • Too much salt (sodium) in your diet - causes your body to retain fluid, which increases blood pressure. • Too little potassium in your diet. Potassium helps balance the amount of sodium in your cells.

  15. High Blood Pressure Risk Factors • Too little vitamin D in your diet- Vitamin D may affect an enzyme produced by your kidneys that affects your blood pressure. • Drinking too much alcohol -Over time, heavy drinking can damage your heart. • Stress. High levels of stress can lead to a temporary, but dramatic increase in blood pressure

  16. Although high blood pressure is most common in adults, children may be at risk, too. For some children, high blood pressure is caused by problems with the kidneys or heart. But for a growing number of kids, poor lifestyle habits — such as an unhealthy diet and lack of exercise — contribute to high blood pressure

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