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Working with texts (Discourse & C onversation A nalysis)

Working with texts (Discourse & C onversation A nalysis). Nikolaus P. Himmelmann Universität zu Köln & Center for Endangered Languages Documentation , UNIPA ( Manokwari ). Two major ways for collecting data in the field.

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Working with texts (Discourse & C onversation A nalysis)

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  1. Working with texts(Discourse & Conversation Analysis) Nikolaus P. Himmelmann Universität zu Köln & Center forEndangeredLanguagesDocumentation, UNIPA (Manokwari)

  2. Two major ways for collecting data in the field • Elicitation of words or phrases (sentences), often done with structured questionnaire • Recording and analyzing natural speech, i.e. record “texts”

  3. Two major types of ‘text’ data • monologue: single speaker, e.g. narrative (folkstory, personal story, etc.), speech • polylogue (dialogue): more than one speaker, major example: conversation (of 2, 3, 4, n people), interview “pure” monologue rare (mostly during formal speeches), otherwise often hearer feedback (ya, mm, oh ya, etc.)

  4. Two major uses of ‘text’ data • as a source for naturally occurring examples for grammatical phenomena, e.g. clause with intransitive predicate, relative clause construction, inflected verb form, order of adjective and noun, etc. • as an object of study in itself • structure of narrative discourse: how are participants introduced, reference tracking, episode boundaries, temporal grounding, etc. • structure of conversational exchanges: turn taking, repair, question-answer, ending

  5. Ways of generating ‘text’ data • ask people to tell a story or ask permission to record an ongoing conversation • use of “props” (pictures, films, etc.) for people to talk about. This is particularly helpful if one wants to get comparable data from different speakers/languages.

  6. Widely used props • Pear film (Chafe et al. 1980, 1994) • Frog Story • Space games • MPI Nijmegen video clips: put-series, reciprocals • QUIS-set from Uni Potsdam and many more! ALL AVAILABLE ON THE INTERNET see, for example, http://fieldmanuals.mpi.nl/

  7. Two major uses of ‘text’ data • many grammatical topics best studied in context, i.e. on the basis of texts, for example: • voice alternations (when do you use dibeli, when membeli) • use of pronouns and deictics, switch reference systems (anaphora) • word order variation • information structure (topic, focus) • agreement

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