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Chapter 13 Genetic Engineering

Chapter 13 Genetic Engineering. Section 13-4 Applications of Genetic Engineering. Transgenic Organisms. The Genetic Principles Are Universal For All Life Forms: Based On DNA All DNA Uses The Same Base Sequences Adenine Thymine Guanine Cyctosine Genes Can Be Transferred Between Species

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Chapter 13 Genetic Engineering

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  1. Chapter 13Genetic Engineering Section 13-4 Applications of Genetic Engineering

  2. Transgenic Organisms • The Genetic Principles Are Universal For All Life Forms: • Based On DNA • All DNA Uses The Same Base Sequences • Adenine • Thymine • Guanine • Cyctosine • Genes Can Be Transferred Between Species • Transgenic Organisms

  3. Transgenic Organisms With The Newly Developed Technologies, Genes Can Be Transferred Between Species. An Organism Which Has Received The Gene of Another species is called a: Transgenic Organism

  4. Transgenic Organisms Key Concept: Genetic Engineering Has Spurred The Growth Of Biotechnology, A New Industry That Is Changing The Way We Interact With The Living World

  5. Transgenic Microorganisms • Reproduce Rapidly • Easy To Grow • Used To Produce Human • Insulin • Growth Hormone • Clotting Factors

  6. Transgenic Animals • Mice with Human Immune Cells To Study Effects Of Disease • Food Animals with Extra Genes For Growth Hormone So The Grow Faster • Cows • Fish • Pigs for Organ Transplants

  7. Transgenic Animals • Chickens Resistant To Salmonella & Shigella • Animals That Produce Human Proteins In Their Milk

  8. Transgenic Plants • GM Plants Are Already In US Food Supply • 52% Soy Beans • 25% Corn • Typical Modifications • Bt Genes To Lower Pesticides • Resistance To Weed Killers

  9. Transgenic Plants • Future Plant Projects: • Plants That Grow Human Antibodies • Plants That Grow Plastic • Plants With Added Vitamins • Golden Rice

  10. Cloning Cloning Is The Process Of Using A Donor Cell From An Adult Organism To Grow A New Individual Genetically Identical To The Organism From Which The Donor Cell Was Taken

  11. Cloning Ian Wilmut, Scotland, 1997 Cloned A Sheep – Dolly

  12. Cloning – The Process Step 1: Donor Cell Taken From Animal To Be Cloned Can Be Any Diploid Cell With A Nucleus Donor Nucleus

  13. Cloning – The Process Step 2: Donor Egg Taken From Another Animal Of The SameSpecies – This Nucleus Will Be Removed and Discarded Donor EGG Cell

  14. Cloning – The Process Step 3: Donor Egg Cell With The Nucleus Removed Is Fused With The Donor Cell Containing The Nucleus From The Animal To Be Cloned Slight Electric Current Donor Egg with Nucleus Removed

  15. Cloning – The Process Step 4: In Vitro Development Create Blastocyst From Cloned Donor Nucleus If Fused Cell Begins Replicating It Will Be Placed In Tissue Culture Until It Becomes A Blastocyst. Blastocyst

  16. Cloning – The Process Step 5: In Vivo Development Blastocyst Implanted In Uterus of Surrogate Mother SurrogateMother Blastocyst

  17. Cloning – The Process Step 6: Birth - Hopefully

  18. Cloning • Animals Cloned Since 1997 • Cows • Pigs • Mice • Ethical Issues?

  19. Human Cloning

  20. Human Cloning

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