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National Study of Child Poverty and Disparities, Kyrgyz Republic

Regional Workshop Global Child Poverty Study April 2-4, 2008 Tashkent. National Study of Child Poverty and Disparities, Kyrgyz Republic. Country Context . Population 5.1 4 mln, children U18 -1.94 mln. 65% of population live in rural area Life expectancy at birth 68 in 2004

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National Study of Child Poverty and Disparities, Kyrgyz Republic

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  1. Regional Workshop Global Child Poverty Study April 2-4, 2008 Tashkent National Study of Child Poverty and Disparities, KyrgyzRepublic

  2. Country Context • Population 5.14mln, children U18 -1.94 mln. • 65% of population live in rural area • Life expectancy at birth 68 in 2004 • The Kyrgyz economy grew by 3.7 % per annum during 2000-2005 • Poverty fell 63% to 43%, extreme poverty - 33 % to 11% in 2000-2005 • GiniCoefficient fell 0,30 to 0,28 in 2000 - 2005 • Unemployment 8.1% in 2005 • Remittances comprise 20% of GDP Type your title in this FOOTER area and in CAPS

  3. Country Context, Public Expenditures • 11% of Kyrgyz population receive State Benefit • Average size of Unified Monthly Benefit (UMB) and Social Benefit in 2005 was 19% и 76% of poverty line Type your title in this FOOTER area and in CAPS

  4. Main policy papers • Comprehensive Development Framework 2010 • NPRS 2003-2005 • Country Development Strategy (CDS) 2007-2010 Type your title in this FOOTER area and in CAPS

  5. Concept of the National Study • Approach: Multidimensionality of child poverty and disparities, material and non-material dimensions • Goal: Understanding of child poverty and Mainstreaming children in main public policies (CDS) and resource allocation • Objectives: • Assessment of child poverty and deprivation, disaggregated child poverty profile is constructed • Gaps in data and policy responses identified • Effectiveness of policies to reduce child poverty analysed • Recommendations provided on how to improve poverty reduction measures; information is shared on what works and why • Contribution to the regional and global analysis Type your title in this FOOTER area and in CAPS

  6. Hypothesis (preliminary) • Despite observed economic growth child poverty remains high and not all Kyrgyz children benefit depending on the region, location and characteristics of the household, vulnerability status Type your title in this FOOTER area and in CAPS

  7. Research process • Step 1. Mapping Policies for Children • Step 2. Statistical Analysis of the Situation for Children & Trend Analysis • Step 3: Assessment of Additional Factors Affecting Child Wellbeing • Step 4. Country Analysis • Step 5: Final Report Preparation, Discussions and Dissemination • Steering Committee – Presidential Administration+ line ministries, Parliament, principal research institution, NGO, IO • Principal Researcher – International Institute for Strategic Researches (IISR) • Technical WGs under coordination of IISR Type your title in this FOOTER area and in CAPS

  8. Statistical Findings Child Poverty 52 % children live in poverty, 14.8 % – in extreme poverty. CP is rural areas is 59.5%, which is 22.3 % higher than in urban settings (National Statistics Committee, 2005) Stunting prevalence among children fell from nearly 25% (DHS-1997) to 13.7% (MICS 2006) Consumption of iodized salt increased form nearly 40% in the mid of 1990-s to 76.1% in 2006 (MICS 2006) Early marriage (15-19 years old women) - a substantial drop during last decade (from 12.3%, DHS-97 to 7.7%, MISC 2006). Infant and Child Mortality Rates - according to DHS-97 and MICS-06 data - decreased significantly (from 64 (IMR) and 78 (U5MR) to 38 and 44, correspondingly) Type your title in this FOOTER area and in CAPS

  9. Statistical Findings • Infant mortality is still high • Quality of education:School age children show decreasing levels of learning achievements over last seven years - 58.8% of 4-th grade pupils passed Math in 2005 vs. 81.4% in 2001. The Grammar and Literacy test - by 44.2% in 2005 (vs. 59.1% in 2001) (MLA 2001, 2005). • Only 20.4% of women aged 15-49 have comprehensive knowledge about HIV prevention.Use of contraception means was about 60% in 1997, MICS3 result is 48%. • Number of children deprived of parental care (registered during a year) was 2156 in 1995 and grew up to 2742 in 2006. • Percentage of children attending pre-school institutions is about 7% (MoES 2006) 6.6% in Batken/rural and 41.9% in Bishkek/capital. Type your title in this FOOTER area and in CAPS

  10. National Policy Initiatives and programmes analysed • Income: subsidies, state benefits, employment programmes • Nutrition: breast feeding, micronutrients • Health: immunization, primary health care • CP: birth registration, social services for children without parental care • Education: pre-school, basic education, vocational and higher education Type your title in this FOOTER area and in CAPS

  11. Findings from Policy Analysis • Child poverty is recognised at political level • Child well-being concept is accepted • Recognition of social policy, i.e. efforts made in CDS for conceptual consolidation under ‘Development of Human and SocialCapital’ heading with education, health, social protection and insurance, labour market and migration, culture • Shared intention to streamline social programs and expenditures/Ministry of Social Development Type your title in this FOOTER area and in CAPS

  12. Findings from Policy Analysis • Children are not explicitly featured in the main policy document/CDS • Many parts of national programmes and plans duplicate each other and has no cost analysis • Long-term (2001-2010) national programmes not effective against background of changes in political situation • Policy initiatives do not tackle/address regional disparities • Outcomes of the policy initiatives are not known or evaluation is missing on whether policies achieve the objectives Type your title in this FOOTER area and in CAPS

  13. Problematic issues • No programme budgeting (except education) • Reliable statistics is missing on programme coverage • (national and by regions) • Information is missing on how well programmes reach beneficiaries, especially vulnerable children • Monitoring and evaluation is boiled down to financial audit; no programme review and revision • In case impact evaluation done further work is limited to declaration of new goals and objectives Type your title in this FOOTER area and in CAPS

  14. Research topic (additional/contributing) • Public Expenditures for children • Decentralization, its impact on children • Migration • Social Assistance/State Benefits Type your title in this FOOTER area and in CAPS

  15. Special about the Study: Child Well-being Index • I. Material Poverty • II. Children’s Health • III. Mortality coefficients • IV. Education and Pre-School Up-bringing • V. Quality of Life • VI. Risks Type your title in this FOOTER area and in CAPS

  16. Child Well-being Index Type your title in this FOOTER area and in CAPS

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