Caring for Muscle and Bone Injuries

1. Caring for Muscle and Bone Injuries

2. Topics • The Musculoskeletal System • Injuries to the Musculoskeletal System • Caring for Musculoskeletal Injuries • Immobilizing a Musculoskeletal Injury

3. Objectives • Identify the components that make up the musculoskeletal system • Discuss the functions of the musculoskeletal system • List the four common types of musculoskeletal injury • Differentiate between an open and a closed skeletal injury

4. Objectives • Describe the signs and symptoms of a musculoskeletal injury • Discuss the priority of care for an injured person with a suspected open skeletal injury • Discuss the importance of an appropriate assessment of the distal extremity • Discuss the appropriate care for an injured person with a skeletal injury

5. The Musculoskeletal System • Skeletal system: • >200 bones • Support • Movement • Protection • Cell production

6. The Musculoskeletal System • Muscles: • Tendons • Ligaments

7. Injuries to the Musculoskeletal System • Strain • Sprain • Dislocation • Fracture: • Open • Closed

8. Injuries to the Musculoskeletal System • Signs and symptoms of a musculoskeletal injury: • Pain = injury • Mechanism of injury

9. Injuries to the Musculoskeletal System • Signs and symptoms of a musculoskeletal injury: • Pain • Deformity • Bruising • Open wounds • Exposed bone ends

10. Quick Check • What are the two signs of deformity in a musculoskeletal injury?

11. Injuries to the Musculoskeletal System • Assessing the distal extremity: • Assess hand or foot: • Circulation: • Capillary refill • Sensation: • Can they feel touch? • Movement

12. Caring for Musculoskeletal Injuries • Apply cold: • Decrease bleeding • Decrease swelling • Decrease pain • Manual stabilization

13. Immobilizing a Musculoskeletal Injury • Splint: • Expose • Assess • Immobilize • Reassess • Position of function

14. Immobilizing a Musculoskeletal Injury • Immobilizing a long bone injury: • Pad rigid splints • Splint extends beyond injury • Secure splint • Maintain position of function • Elevate 12–18 inches when possible

15. Immobilizing a Musculoskeletal Injury • Immobilizing a joint injury: • Do not attempt to straighten injuries • Immobilize in position found • Pad rigid splints • Splint extends beyond injury • Secure splint • Maintain position of function • Elevate 12–18 inches when possible • Cravats

16. Immobilizing a Musculoskeletal Injury • Application of a sling: • Sling • Swathe

17. Review Question • What does it mean when you pinch the soft tissue of the hand below an arm injury and the skin where you pinched stays blanched for >2 seconds? • That is normal for serious arm injuries • There is a circulatory problem and the person should seek advanced medical attention

18. Review Question • What does it mean when you pinch the soft tissue of the hand below an arm injury and the skin where you pinched stays blanched for >2 seconds? • The person should be treated for shock • The person should be moved to a warm environment

19. Review Question • When assessing the extremities distal to an injury site, you will be checking for_______, sensation, and movement. • Motor function • Turgidity • Pain • Circulation

20. Review Question • All of the following are signs or symptoms of a musculoskeletal injury EXCEPT: • Deformity • Bruising • Sweating • Pain

21. Review Question • When a muscle is stretched beyond its capacity it is called a: • Strain • Deformity • Sprain • Contusion