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Chapter 4 - Lab

Chapter 4 - Lab. DNS Configuration in Linux. Lab Projects. DNS Configuration in Linux Projects 4-1 through 4-3 Projects 4-4 deals with multiple domains DNS Configuration in Windows Projects 4-5 through 4-8 Projects 4-9 deals with multiple domains.

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Chapter 4 - Lab

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  1. Chapter 4 - Lab DNS Configuration in Linux

  2. Lab Projects • DNS Configuration in Linux • Projects 4-1 through 4-3 • Projects 4-4 deals with multiple domains • DNS Configuration in Windows • Projects 4-5 through 4-8 • Projects 4-9 deals with multiple domains Objective: Upon completion you must show using the dig command you get the correct IP and corresponding domain name!

  3. Review of Zoning • A zone is a part of the domain namespace • For a domain as small as technowidgets.com, the domain name represents a single zone • For large organizations (such as IBM), subdomains can be divided into separately maintained zones • Each zone typically has a separate DNS • Zone file configuration • Forward Lookup • These zones contain entries that map names to IP addresses • Reverse Lookup • These zones contain entries that map IP addresses to names

  4. File name: File name: /etc/named.conf /etc/resolve.conf DNS Configuration in LinuxFile Structure Client DNS Configuration Server DNS Configuration • Adding nameserver and domain • Nameserver: Corresponding IP address • Domain: Corresponding domain name • Name resolution

  5. /var/named/ named.technowidgets.com /var/named/ named.0.168.192 Forward Lookup file Reverse Lookup File Server DNS Configuration in LinuxFile Structure 1- Configure this file so it reads the proper lookup files below File name: /etc/named.conf Defines other subdomains such as: research.technowidgets.com. mail.technowidgets.com. Defines other subdomains such as: web1 192.168.0. 20 research 192.168.0.150 mail 192.168.0.200 2- Create these two files for both forward and reverse lookup files

  6. DNS Configuration in Linux • /etc/named.conf describes the files that configure the zones • There are two primary files that it describes • Forward lookup is described by named.technowidgets.com • Reverse lookup is described by named.0.168.192

  7. /etc/named.confCreating a DNS for the technowidgets.com domain • Default setup is for localhost 127.0.0.1 • This is shown in figure 4-7 • In named.conf add the following line zone "technowidgets.com" { type master; file “named.technowidgets.com”; }; • This allows technowidgets.com to be resolved by /var/named/named.technowidgets.com • There can be multiple domains in a single named.conf file

  8. /etc/named.conf • Also, we can add the following line zone “0.168.192.in-addr.arpa”IN { type master; file “named.0.168.192”; }; • The domain begins at IN-ADDR.ARPA and has a substructure which follows the Internet addressing structure • Example: data for Internet address 10.2.0.52 is located at domain name 52.0.2.10.IN-ADDR.ARPA • This allows for reverse lookup for the domain • It uses all or part of the 192.168.0.20 network Make sure 192.168.0.20 matches your hard drive number!

  9. /var/named.technowidgets.com File ContentMust be typed! $TTL 86400 @ IN SOA web1.technowidgets.com. admn.technowidgets.com. ( 2002072100 ; Serial 28800 ; Refresh 14400 ; Retry 3600000 ; Expire 86400 ) ; Minimum IN NS web1 IN A 192.168.0.20 IN MX 10 mail.technowidgets.com. web1 IN A 192.168.0. 20 www IN CNAME web1 research IN A 192.168.0.150 IN MX 10 mail mail IN A 192.168.0.200

  10. named.0.168.192 File ContentMust be typed! $TTL 86400 @ IN SOA web1.technowidgets.com. admn.technowidgets.com. ( 2002072100 ; Serial 28800 ; Refresh 14400 ; Retry 3600000 ; Expire 86400 ) ; Minimum IN NS web1 20 IN PTR web1.technowidgets.com. 150 IN PTR research.technowidgets.com. 200 IN PTR mail.technowidgets.com.

  11. Starting DNS in LinuxUseful commands • To start DNS • /etc/rc.d/init.d/named start • To restart DNS • /etc/rc.d/init.d/named restart • To stop DNS • /etc/rc.d/init.d/named stop • To make DNS start when you boot Linux • Add the above commands to start DNS to /etc/rc.d/rc.local

  12. Configuring Client DNS in Linux • Objective: How IP addresses are corresponding to domain names • Modify /etc/resolv.config • The following line directs the client to use the DNS server at 192.168.0.20  Your HD! • nameserver 192.168.0.20 • The following line associates this computer with the technowidgets.com domain • domain technowidgets.com

  13. Troubleshooting DNSdig – available on Linux Use dig command to check the results! Upon Completion; you must be able to get this! -- Must match your HD!

  14. Linux dig hostname.com dig –silent 192-168-0-xx ping Windows nslookup hostname.com nslookup –x 192-168.0.xx Ipconfig ping Troubleshooting DNS

  15. References: • For Linux: • http://www.siliconvalleyccie.com/linux-hn/dns-static.htm • For windows • http://www.microsoft.com/technet/prodtechnol/windowsserver2003/library/ServerHelp/5fe46cef-db12-4b78-94d2-2a0b62a28271.mspx • Read about IN-ADDR.ARPA domain • http://www.freesoft.org/CIE/RFC/1035/36.htm

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