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Golden Lecture of Prevention

Golden Lecture of Prevention. Building a Global Prevention Network to Share Knowledge and Wisdom Updated November 2009. Life Expectancy Map. From Wikipedia. Hygeia In Greek mythology The goddess of health. Hygiene –The science that deals with the preservation & promotion of health. .

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Golden Lecture of Prevention

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  1. Golden Lecture of Prevention Building a Global Prevention Network to Share Knowledge and Wisdom Updated November 2009

  2. Life Expectancy Map From Wikipedia

  3. Hygeia In Greek mythology The goddess of health. Hygiene –The science that deals with the preservation & promotion of health. Importance of Hippocrates’ Teaching for public health and medicine of today This lecture is dedicated to a man who is currently recognized as the “father” of medicine. It’s because of his work, healers became doctors instead of sorcerers. Hippocratic oath is administered during the graduation ceremonies of all modern medical schools.

  4. Objectives • To define prevention and highlight its importance in global health. 2. To discuss the importance of network in the context of the Supercourse and to begin to organize the internet based globalization for prevention 3. To further distribute the golden lecture to faculty, students and professionals all over the world

  5. Definition of Prevention “Actions aimed at eradicating, eliminating, or minimizing the impact of disease and disability. The concept of prevention is best defined in the context of levels, traditionally called primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention” A Dictionary of Epidemiology, Fourth Edition Edited by John M. Last

  6. Public Health and Sanitation Achievements of the 20th century: • Improvements in hygiene practices • Improvements in food handling (refrigeration) • Improvement in Water and sewage treatment • Vaccination practices

  7. Rising Life Expectancy Source: United Nations (U.N.) Population Division, Demographic Indicators, 1950-2050 (The 1996 Revision) (U.N., New York, 1996).

  8. Historical Examples of Global Prevention Activities

  9. Death rate for Tuberculosis, 1860-1960, United States, Source: US Bureau of the Census, Historical Statictics of the United States; Colonial Times to 1970 (Washington, D.C.:Government Printing Office, 1975), Part 1 pp58,63.  Note: Data between 1860 and 1900 for Massachusetts only. Koch identified tubercle bacillus Streptomycin introduced Vaccination available

  10. The Sanitary Revolution and the Ascendancy of Public Health 1. The sanitary revolution produced the greatest transformation in the pattern of disease that the world had known since nomadic hunter-gatherers settled in permanent villages, and ultimately developed modern urban industrial communities

  11. Death Rates for Measles in Children Under Age 15, England and Wales, 1850-1970 Source: Thomas McKeown, The Modern Rise of Population (Academic Press, San Francisco, 1976), pp. 93, 96.

  12. Epidemiologic Transition in Mexico

  13. Cuba: The Story of Success in the Area of Prevention

  14. Example of successful prevention program in CubaVACCINATION PROGRAM RESULT POLIO ELIMINATED SINCE 1962 DIPHTHERIA ELIMINATED SINCE 1969 NEWBORN TETANUS ELIMINATED SINCE 1972 CONGENITAL RUBELLA ELIMINATED SINCE 1989 MENINGITIS POST MUMPS ELIMINATED SINCE 1989 MEASLES ELIMINATED SINCE 1993 WHOOPING COUGHTRANSMISSION INTERRUPTED SINCE 1994 RUBELLATRANSMISSION INTERRUPTEDSINCE 1995 MUMPS TRANSMISSION INTERRUPTEDSINCE 1995 MORBIDITY MENINGOCOCCICAL DISEASE REDUCTION 93% TYFHOID FEVER REDUCTION 75% B HEPATITIS REDUCTION 52%

  15. Leading Causes of Death Around the World (WHO data)

  16. Death Rates for Coronary Heart Disease by Country Men Ages 35-74, 1970 and 1993 (Rate/100,000) 750 FIN USA AUST SCOT NZ CAN 500 SING USSR 250 ITY SPN FRAN JPN HK CHN 0

  17. Advances in Cancer Care and Cancer Prevention will Arise From • Genetics, genomics, proteomics • Cell biology and immunology • Molecular Epidemiology/biomarkers • Bioinformatics • Behavioral Sciences

  18. Lifestyle Factors “Genes load the gun.Lifestyle pulls the trigger” Dr. Elliot Joslin

  19. Relation Between CHD Events and LDL-C in Recent Statin Trials 4S-PI 30 2° Prevention 25 4S-Rx 20 % with LIPID-Rx 15 LIPID-PI 1° Prevention CHD event CARE-Rx CARE-PI WOSCOPS-PI 10 AFCAPS/TexCAPS-PI 5 WOSCOPS-Rx AFCAPS/TexCAPS-Rx 0 90 110 130 150 170 190 210 Mean LDL-C level at follow-up (mg/dL) PI=placebo; Rx=treatment .

  20. Teacher in Alexandria Teacher in UAE- Sharjah Teacher in Pittsburgh Teacher in Tanzania Teacher in Paris Teacher in Moscow Methods: Supercourse model

  21. Over 4600 Lectures

  22. Conclusions Increased life expectancy in the past century was achieved through the improvement of sanitation and prevention Successful prevention in the past and in the future needs to be rooted in the networking of health professionals around the world to share their knowledge Internet based Information sharing is the key to prevention and a “golden” world

  23. What is the future of prevention? • Globalization of Prevention • Networking of people in prevention • Sharing of data, knowledge and wisdom Please forward the Golden Lecture to faculty, students and health professionals in your country

  24. Review Questions (Developed by the Supercourse team) • What caused the dramatic shift in life expectancy over the course of the 20th century? • What are the major levels of prevention? • Give an example of successful prevention activity that had a big influence on increasing life expectancy.

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