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Introduction in toxicology. Determination of toxicity. Dose-response curve. Mode of entry of toxins.

Lecture 1. Introduction in toxicology. Determination of toxicity. Dose-response curve. Mode of entry of toxins. Clinical Toxicology -20 to 50 compounds tested Many routine kits available Automation possible. Analytical Toxicology 8000 pharmaceuticals are currently used

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Introduction in toxicology. Determination of toxicity. Dose-response curve. Mode of entry of toxins.

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  1. Lecture 1 Introduction in toxicology. Determination of toxicity. Dose-response curve. Mode of entry of toxins.

  2. Clinical Toxicology • -20 to 50 compounds tested • Many routine kits available • Automation possible • Analytical Toxicology • 8000 pharmaceuticals are currently used • 40000 other potentially toxic compounds exist • routine kits available for screening for some common drugs • no automation

  3. Types of Intoxication: Known origin Unknown origin Causes of intoxication %% Ethanol 32 Benzodiazepines 60 Tricyclic antidepessants 13 Barbiturates 6 Acetaminophen 1 Salicylates 2

  4. Tests to be available for oriented screen in emergency toxicology

  5. Analytical techniques used in emergency toxicology Spot tests Immunoassays Gas chromatography GC-MS HPLC and LC-MS Thin layer chromatography

  6. Dose-response curve What is there that is not poison? All things are poison and nothing without poison Solely the dose determines that a thing is not a poison

  7. Non-linear response curves + effective drug food nonactive 0 log C toxic dangerous drug - Highly toxic

  8. Mode of entry of toxins Skin transport Respiratory route Oral route

  9. log C log C One-compartment kinetics Two-compartment kinetics time time

  10. Cocaine metabolic profile. BE-benzoyllecgonine, EME-ecgonine methyl ester,CE- cocethylene

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