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Isolation Precautions * CDC 2007

Isolation Precautions * CDC 2007. Toney Thomas Lecturer / Course Coordinator, Assistant Director of Nursing Infection Prevention & Control Department RCSI / Beaumont Hospital. A quick recap how isolation precautions evolved over time.

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Isolation Precautions * CDC 2007

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  1. Isolation Precautions *CDC 2007 Toney Thomas Lecturer / Course Coordinator, Assistant Director of Nursing Infection Prevention & Control Department RCSI / Beaumont Hospital

  2. A quick recap how isolation precautions evolved over time

  3. HISTORY OF GUIDELINES FOR ISOLATION PRECAUTIONS IN HOSPITALS

  4. HISTORY OF GUIDELINES FOR ISOLATION PRECAUTIONS IN HOSPITALS contd--

  5. “Standard Precautions include a group of infection prevention practices that apply to all patients, regardless of suspected or confirmed infection status, in any setting in which healthcare is delivered” The application of Standard Precautions during patient care is determined by the nature of the HCW-patient interaction and the extent of anticipated blood, body fluid, or pathogen exposure

  6. Standard precautions* CDC 1996 • Hand hygiene • PPE: Gloves, Gowns, Face & Eye protection • Patient placement • C&D of patient care equipment • Environmental hygiene • Textiles & laundry • Safe injection practices

  7. Revision of 1996 guidelines, why? • Transition of health care delivery • Emergence of new pathogens • Successful experience & reaffirmation of Standard precautions *1996 • Environmental controls – Protective environment • Organisational characteristics • HAI & MDROs – surveillance & control

  8. New additions to Standard precautions • Respiratory hygiene • Safe injection practices • Use of mask when performing spinal or epidural procedures

  9. Respiratory Hygiene/Cough Etiquette The elements include • Education of healthcare staff, patients, & visitors • Posted signs, in language(s) appropriate • Source control measures (e.g. covering the mouth/nose with a tissue when coughing & prompt disposal of used tissues, using surgical masks on the coughing person when tolerated and appropriate • Hand hygiene after contact with respiratory secretions 5) Spatial separation, ideally >3 feet,

  10. Safe injection practices • Large outbreaks of HBV and HCV among patients in the United States • The primary breaches • 1) reinsertion of used needles into a multiple-dose vialor solution container (e.g.saline bag) • 2) use of a single needle/syringe to administer intravenous medication to multiple patients.

  11. Spinal canal punctures & Infection prevention • Bacterial meningitis following myelogram and other spinal procedures • Face masks are effective in limiting the dispersal of oro-pharyngeal droplets & are recommended for the placement of central venous catheters. • HICPAC recommendation 2005 – use of a face mask when placing a catheter or injection to epidural space.

  12. Transmission based precautions • Three categories • Contact • Direct • Indirect • Droplet • Airborne

  13. An important change! Don PPE upon entry into patients room for patients who are in contact / Droplet precautions

  14. Change is often painful, but we are quick to forget the pain once we taste the fruits of change!

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