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BEEF Cattle (Bovine)

BEEF Cattle (Bovine). Nutrition. Production. Bi-Products. Food Safety. Structure/Cuts. PRODUCTION. Basic Function. To utilize crops which are unsuitable or less desirable for human consumption in their natural form (grains, grasses, hay, by-products) to a desirable beef product.

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BEEF Cattle (Bovine)

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  1. BEEF Cattle(Bovine) Nutrition Production Bi-Products Food Safety Structure/Cuts

  2. PRODUCTION

  3. Basic Function To utilize crops which are unsuitable or less desirable for human consumption in their natural form (grains, grasses, hay, by-products) to a desirable beef product.

  4. Bos indicus- humped cattle, developed in tropical countries Bos taurus- humpless cattle, developed in more temperate zones. Ancestry

  5. U.S. Cattle Rankings • Texas • Nebraska • Kansas • Colorado • Iowa • Oklahoma • California

  6. Types of Cattle Operations Purebred • Registered cow-calf • Provide range bulls • Improve genetics

  7. Commercial Cow-Calf • Calves for stocker and feeder operations • Replacement females Stocker Operations • Provides cattle for feedlots • Replacement Heifers

  8. Feeder Operations • Commercial / farm feeders • Finish cattle for slaughter • Supply beef packers

  9. Calf to Market Calving • Dependent on grass season • Usually fall or spring • Gestation length 283 days (approximately 9 months) Weaners • 5-8 months old • 400-700 lbs

  10. Stocker Cattle • 400-900 lbs • 1.5-2 lbs average daily gain • Generally gain 250-400 lbs Feedlot • 100-200 days • 1000-1200 lbs • Average daily gain 3-4 lbs • Efficiency 5-9 lbs feed/lb gain

  11. Carcass • 600-850 lbs • 60-63% dressing • 65-75% retail product

  12. Traits of Economic Importance • Polled vs. horned • Color • Carcass traits • Performance and efficiency • Maternal traits • Temperament • Age at puberty • Calving ease

  13. CROSSBREDS • A large portion of the U.S. cattle industry relies on crossbreeding to improve and/or enhance the genetics of purebreds. • However, a large problem then exists with management and consistency in product quality.

  14. RED ANGUS

  15. Black Baldy • Cross between an angus and hereford. • The white face is a dominant gene/trait.

  16. Charolais

  17. Chianina • One of the oldest breeds of cattle • Tallest breed of beef cattle • Short hair that is white to steel gray • Terminal breed • Low milk production

  18. Limousin

  19. LIMOUSIN

  20. Brahman

  21. Texas Longhorn

  22. Simmental

  23. Belgian Blue

  24. Bovine Female Cattle • Cow

  25. Bovine Male Cattle • Bull

  26. Bovine Juvenile Cattle • Calf

  27. Bovine Young Female Cattle • Heifer Castrated Male Cattle • Steer Young Male Cattle • Bullock

  28. Bovine How long is a cows gestation period? • 9 months The average calf weighs how much? • 70 - 80 lbs How much does the average cow weigh? Bull? • 1000 lbs and 1500 – 2000 lbs

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