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Analogy between laser plasma acceleration and GRB

Analogy between laser plasma acceleration and GRB. G. Barbiellini (1) F. Longo (1) , N.Omodei (2) , A.Celotti (3) , M.Tavani (4) (1) University and INFN Trieste (2) INFN Pisa (3) SISSA Trieste (4) INAF Roma & Roma2 University. (image credits to CXO/NASA). Outline.

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Analogy between laser plasma acceleration and GRB

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  1. Analogy between laser plasma acceleration and GRB G. Barbiellini(1) F. Longo (1), N.Omodei(2), A.Celotti(3), M.Tavani (4) (1) University and INFN Trieste (2) INFN Pisa (3) SISSA Trieste (4) INAF Roma & Roma2 University (image credits to CXO/NASA)

  2. Outline • Laboratory Wake Field acceleration • Experimental results and relevant formulae • Scaling with particle density n • Compton Tails & GRB environment • Stochastic Wake Field acceleration • Surface power and Stochastic Factor • Applications

  3. WakeField Acceleration (Ta Phuoc et al. 2005)

  4. WakeField Acceleration (Ta Phuoc et al. 2005) Laser Pulse tlaser = 3 10-14 s Laser Energy = 1 Joule Gas Surface = 0.01 mm2 Gas Volume Density = 1019 cm3 Power Surface Density W= 3 1018 W cm-2

  5. WakeField Acceleration (Ta Phuoc et al. 2005) Electron Spectrum

  6. WakeField Acceleration (Ta Phuoc et al. 2005) Emitted Photon Spectrum

  7. Gamma-Ray Bursts in Space SN explosion Accretion GRB • An electromagnetic jet (I.e. photons) plays the role of the lab laser • The Supernova Shell is the target plasma (at R~1015 cm, with n~109 cm-3) • Stochasticity has to be taken into account (laser->not coherent radiation) Electromagnetic jets (photons, e+ e-) Accretion disk Explosion of a Massive Star Collapsing compact object (Rapidly rotating BH + Disk) Supernova Shell Wake Field Acceleration!

  8. Bright and Dim GRB Q = cts/peak cts (Connaughton 2002) • BRIGHT GRB  DIM GRB

  9. The Compton Tail Barbiellini et al. (2004) MNRAS 350, L5

  10. Scaling relations p~ n-1/2 b~ n-1/21/2 r0 ~ n-1/3 1/2

  11. Scaling relations V ~ r03 ~ n-1 Q+=enr03~n0 (1019) ~ 102 (109) ~ 2x105 (102) ~ 2x108 ~n-1/3 Ep = 3/4 hcg2 r0/p2

  12. Scaling Relations

  13. Riding Wave Pictorial View

  14. Analogy Formulae (I) • Laser acceleration surface power and GRB surface power Stochastic factor = (plasma) x 1 s

  15. - Analogy Formulae (II) • Independent derivation: how to induce a collective phenomenon from many microscopic processes?

  16. Consequences (I) • GRB Luminosity depends on environment:

  17. Consequences (I) • GRB Luminosity depends on environment: • Effective Angle constrain by Jet opening angle generates a link between Epeak and Total Energy (~Amati, Ghirlanda, …)

  18. Consequences (II) • Large emission in the region with transition betwwenn low to high density value • Energy transmitted always in jet cone • Assuming the afterglow produced by the prompt emission we could calculate 2 from total energy

  19. Consequences (III) • New formula for evaluating jet opening angle

  20. Consequences (IV) • New relation among Epeak and Egamma

  21. Conclusions • Electron acceleration in a moderate density plasma (109 cm-3) similar to WFA acceleration produces many of the GRB properties • Luminosity is proportional to local density • This efficient transformation of kinetic energy into radiations ends when the surface power density crosses the threshold because of dilution over increasing surface.

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