Creative Federalism (1960-1980)

1. Creative Federalism (1960-1980) Richard Evan Brighi Joe Pedoto Mitchell Sanchez Sarah Lyon Knock-1

2. Creative Federalism, popular during the Johnson Administration (1963-9) was a shift in power more toward the federal government. As in Roosevelt’s New Deal policies, Johnson’s Great Society programs involved granting money directly to local governments in order to assist in solving social and racial problems in the United States. What is it?

3. One of the key pieces of Creative (Picket Fence) Federalism, the Great Society programs of the 1960’s involved the National government providing direct relief to local governments, bypassing the states, for education, social issues, medical research, housing, and transportation among others Lyndon Johnson and Great Society

4. Social Security Act of 1965 • Authorized Medicare and provided federal funding for many of the medical costs of older Americans • Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 • Allowed the federal government to fund public education directly • Economic Opportunity Act of 1964 • Created the Office of Economic Opportunity to oversee various antipoverty community projects • Voting Rights Act of 1965 • Eliminated literacy tests and other exclusive registration policies, assuring minorities the right to vote. • Civil Rights Act of 1964 • Forbade discrimination in the workplace and segregation of public accommodations Specific Great Society Programs

5. Creation of Bureau of Housing and Urban Development to clean up our cities and improve housing conditions • Creation of youth corps to provide work for those most in need • Authorized millions of dollars in medical research, including cancer and heart disease research Political and Social Change

6. Miranda v. Arizona (1966) • In Escobedo v. Illinois (1964), the Supreme Court decided that defendants had the right to legal representation while being interrogated • Two years later, the court ruled that anything said during arrest and interrogation could be used in court as long as the officers performing the arrest read a set of rights to the suspect Cases

7. Roe v. Wade (1973) • After being denied an abortion, Norma McCorvey filed a suit (under the alias Jane Roe) that was brought before the Supreme Court • Ultimately, the Court decided in favor of Roe, stating abortion is a Constitutional right and stating that all anti-abortion policies filed by state governments would be reviewed under strict scrutiny Cases

8. Baker v. Carr (1962) • In Tennessee, it was required that statewide districts of jurisdiction must be redesigned based on the state census every ten years. • Charles Baker alleged that the state had not been redistricted since 1901 and that he was being denied equal protection under the laws. • The State argued that Baker’s complaints were political in nature, so the Court decided that redistricting lawsuits were not political in nature and released a list of six factors that determined what was political and what was justiciable. Cases

9. http://www.learner.org/courses/democracyinamerica/dia_3/unit3.swfhttp://www.learner.org/courses/democracyinamerica/dia_3/unit3.swf • http://www.thefreemanonline.org/columns/creative-federalism/ • http://www2.fiu.edu/~ganapati/3003/federalism.html Works Cited