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Unit Seven

Unit Seven. Selecting a Topic and a Purpose. There are literally endless possibilities for speech topics. Choosing a topic. Categories: 1) subjects you know a lot about 2) subjects you want to know more about. 3 Major Methods for Choosing Speech Topics. Topics you know a lot about

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Unit Seven

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  1. Unit Seven Selecting a Topic and a Purpose

  2. There are literally endless possibilities for speech topics.

  3. Choosing a topic • Categories: • 1) subjects you know a lot about • 2) subjects you want to know more about

  4. 3 Major Methods for Choosing Speech Topics • Topics you know a lot about • draw on your own knowledge and experience. • unusual experiences, special expertise

  5. Topics you want to know more about • Choose a subject about which you already have some knowledge or expertise but not enough to prepare a speech without doing additional research. • To make speeches on subjects about which you hold strong opinions and belief.

  6. Brainstorming for topics: if you have trouble selecting a topic, there are a number of brainstorming procedures • 1. definition: • 2. personal inventory: quick inventory---- jot down anything---- come a general subject area ----- specific topic. • 3. clustering: write 9 columns on a sheet of paper ----- select a number of items----- write sublist for each item----- try to free associate---end up something completely different. • 4. internet search : connect to a subject-based Web site.

  7. General Purpose and Specific Purpose • Determining the General purpose: • 1. definition • 2. to inform or to persuade • Aim of informing: enhance the knowledge; • give the audience information they don’t have before. • Aim of persuade: to change or structure the attitudes or actions; • win over the listeners to your point of view; • get them to believe or to do sth, as a result of your speech. (inform)

  8. Determining the specific purpose:1. definition • 2. state specific purpose in a single infinitive phrase that indicates precisely what you hope to accomplish with your speech. (what the speaker wants the audience to know)

  9. Tips for the specific purpose statement • 1. write the purpose statement as a full infinitive phrase • 2. express your purpose as a statement, not as a question. • 3. avoid figurative language in your purpose statement • 4. make sure your specific purpose in not too vague or general ( more precise, better) • 5. choose a specific purpose that is appropriate for your audience • 6. choose a specific purpose you can achieve in the allotted time

  10. Phrasing the Central Idea • 1. definition: • 2. simple, declarative sentence to refine and sharpen the specific purpose statement. • 3. central idea: sum up your speech in a single sentence; or as your residual message. • 4. specific statement first; then, central idea settled after research.

  11. Tips for central idea • 1. make sure the central idea is not too general • 2. express the central idea as a full sentence • 3. state the central idea as a declarative sentence, not as a question • 4. avoid figurative language in the central idea

  12. Exercise on page 56 ---- No. 2, 3

  13. Assignment • Your communication degree has helped you land a job as spokesperson for the mayor of a medium-size coastal city. A year after starting the job, you are selected to organize an information campaign explaining the benefits of a new public park proposed by the mayor. • To launch this campaign, you will hold a news briefing at the end of the week. To open the briefing, you will present a short set of comments on the mayor’s initiative. You decide to focus on three benefits of the park: (1) it will provide green space in the middle of the city; (2) it will provide a location for healthy social activities; (3) it will be free and open to everyone. • Following the format used in this chapter, state the general purpose, specific purpose, central idea, and main points of your comments.

  14. Assignments • Read chapter 13: speaking to inform Informative speech 2 weeks later

  15. Informative Speech Assignment • The purpose of an informative speech is to create or facilitate understanding among your listeners. You may choose to speak on an object, concept, process, or event ---NOT a person. Chapter 13 contains information concerning building the informative speech. • Guidelines for the Assignment: • 1. the target time for the speech is 3.5 minutes. • 2. turn in your speech outline to my e-mail address before • Nov.12, 2010. • 3. determine your topic and specific purpose well in advance. • 4. give the speech from a brief speaking outline, not from memory or a manuscript • 5. use at least three sources. No more than one may be Website. Additionally, turn in your sources when you turn in your speech outlines. • 6. you can use visual aid to enhance the effectiveness of your speech.

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