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MIS 430 Business Data Communications and Networking 8/E

MIS 430 Business Data Communications and Networking 8/E. Chapter 1 Introduction to Telecommunications. Introduction. We’re in the 2 nd industrial revolution – the Information Age

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MIS 430 Business Data Communications and Networking 8/E

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  1. MIS 430Business Data Communications and Networking 8/E Chapter 1 Introduction to Telecommunications MIS 430 Chapter 1

  2. Introduction • We’re in the 2ndindustrial revolution – the Information Age • Revolutionize how people work through networks: telephone, TV/radio, cable, cellular, Internet, satellite, private networks, ISDN, DSL, wireless, EDI • Global scope but different rules and standards (protocols) make this tricky! MIS 430 Chapter 1

  3. 1837: Samuel Morse – telegraph Morse code Use 0 and 1: . And - e=. A=.- 1=.- - - 1874: Alexander Graham Bell – telephone 1879: 1st PBX switchboard 1885: AT&T started; long distance by ’89 1910: Interstate Commerce Commission regulates telephone service 1915: 1st transatlantic and transcontinental cable 1920: dial phones (self service!) 1951: Microwave transmission 1965: 1st satellite calls on Telstar 1962: fax (facsimile) begins 1963: touchtone phones Brief History of Telecomm MIS 430 Chapter 1

  4. More Telecomm History … • 1968: Carterfone decision: AT&T allows non-Bell equipment to be attached to line • 1969: Picturefone (been to WDW Spaceship Earth?) • 1970: MCI can offer long distance • 1984: AT&T broken up into Baby Bells (RBOCs local) and AT&T (long distance) • 1984: cellular networks appear • 1996: Telecommunications Act: vastly deregulated telecomm industry • Cable TV can deliver data • Active long distance competition • 1997: International Agreement – 68 countries lessen regulations MIS 430 Chapter 1

  5. Brief History of the Internet • 1969: began as Dept of Defense ARPANET with packets, store & forward • 1983: Split into two networks: Milnet and university research centers • 1989: high speed backbone on NSFNet • 1990: combined networks into Internet • 1992: commercial traffic allowed on Internet • 1990s: very rapid growth world-wide ~ 40M servers and 400M people online • 200s: Wireless! (cellular, LAN) MIS 430 Chapter 1

  6. Data Comm Networks • Components • Server or host (PC or mainframe) • Client (PC, terminal, PDA, cell phone) • Circuit (data cable, modem, wireless) • Hub, router, switch (depends on network) • Schematic – see Figure 1.1 p. 14 MIS 430 Chapter 1

  7. Data Comm Networks, contd. • Types of networks – Fig 1.2 p. 16 • Local Area Network (LAN) – small radius, usually one building or less • Backbone Network (BN) – large central network that connects other LANs (ISU) • Metropolitan Area Network (MAN) – connects LANs in span of 3-30 miles (IU) • Wide Area Network (WAN) – connects BNs and MANs in different areas using pubic data networks MIS 430 Chapter 1

  8. Other Types of Networks new • Personal Area Network: interconnects you with your peripherals such as PDA, laptop, printer, iPOD, etc. • Tiny Area Network: very small LAN for your home • Campus Area Network: a business or college campus, collection of LANs and a BN that is smaller than a MAN. MIS 430 Chapter 1

  9. Data Comm Networks, contd • More Types of Networks • Internet – public network of networks using TCP/IP protocol • Intranet - LAN using Internet technology but within an organization (no public access) • Extranet – same as intranet but carried over the Internet and requires authentication to use resources MIS 430 Chapter 1

  10. Network Models • Help us visualize networks and allow layers to be optimized independently • OSI – Open Systems Interconnection Reference Model • 7 layer model (more details later) • Standards exist for each layer so can substitute new HW and SW for a layer and the system continues to work MIS 430 Chapter 1

  11. Application Presentation Session Transport Network Data Link Physical Application Presentation Session Transport Network Data Link Physical OSI Layers Sender Receiver Circuit MIS 430 Chapter 1

  12. OSI Layer Functions • Physical – transmit 0,1 over a circuit • Data Link – manage error-free transmission, retransmit if error • Network – perform routing from node to node • Transport – end to end issues, logical connections between sender and receiver • Session – initiate and maintain logical session between end users • Presentation – formats data for presentation, does data compression, translates between data formats • Application – end user’s access to network; provide set of communications applications for appl SW MIS 430 Chapter 1

  13. Messages Using Layers Each layer has a language or protocol that tells its counterpart layer how to process data-see fig 1-4 p.20 • ApplicationHTTP [packet] • TransportTCP (HTTP [packet]) • Network IP (TCP HTTP [packet]) • Data LinkEthernet (IP TCP HTTP [packet]) • Physical01100011100011 Analogy is the Russian nested dolls: encapsulation MIS 430 Chapter 1

  14. Network Standards • Critical: vendors must work together • Types of standards • Defacto mailto:b-mclaren@indstate.edu • Proprietary standards may become industry standards if the vendor has enough clout • Formal: industry groups formed to evaluate and make decisions about details (next pg) MIS 430 Chapter 1

  15. Network Stds Organizations • Standards organizations • ISO International Standards Organization http://www.iso.ch/iso/en/ISOOnline.frontpage • ITU – International Telecommunication Union http://www.itu.int/home/index.html • ANSI American National Standards Institute http://www.ansi.org/ • IEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers http://www.ieee.org/ • IETF Internet Engineering Task Force http://www.ietf.org/ • The Internet Society http://www.isoc.org/internet/history/index.shtml MIS 430 Chapter 1

  16. Common Standards fig 1.5 • Application layer: HTTP, HTML, MPEG, POP • Transport layer: TCP, SPX (Novell) • Network layer: IP, IPX (Novell) • Data link layer: Ethernet 802.3, PPP (dialup), wireless 802.11g, T1 (MAN and WAN) • Physical layer: RS-232C (serial), Category 5 cable (LAN), V.90 and V.92 modem MIS 430 Chapter 1

  17. Trends in Networking (here!) • Pervasive networking • Faster transmission (fig 1-6 p.28) • Telephone (300 to 56,00 to DSL 1.5 Mbps) • Wireless (1 Mbps to 11 Mbps to 10 Gbps) • WAN (56 Kbps to 45 Mbps to 25 Tbps) • Integration: voice, video, data • ASPs and information services on web MIS 430 Chapter 1

  18. Keeping up with Technology • Read! Subscribe to an online news service • www.anchordesk.com ZDNet • news.com.com C|Net • www.infoworld.com InfoWorld • www.nwfusion.com Network World Fusion • Vendors offer useful information as well • Microsoft Knowledge Base (www.microsoft.com) • Cisco (www.cisco.com) • Novell (www.novell.com) MIS 430 Chapter 1

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