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Mechanics of Materials Lab. Lecture 11 Impact Test and Stress Concentration Mechanical Behavior of Materials Section 4.8, 8.1, 8.2 Jiangyu Li University of Washington. Charpy V-notch & Izod tests most common Energy calculated by pendulum height difference Charpy – metals, Izod - plastics.
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Mechanics of Materials Lab Lecture 11 Impact Test and Stress Concentration Mechanical Behavior of Materials Section 4.8, 8.1, 8.2 Jiangyu Li University of Washington Jiangyu Li, University of Washington
Charpy V-notch & Izod tests most common Energy calculated by pendulum height difference Charpy – metals, Izod - plastics Impact Test Jiangyu Li, University of Washington
Fracture Surface Different heat treatments of AISI 4140 steel – harder on left Jiangyu Li, University of Washington
Toughness is generally proportional to ductility Also dependent on strength, but not so strongly Brittle Fractures Lower energy Generally smooth in appearance Ductile Fracture Higher energy Rougher appearance on interior with 45° shear lips Trend in Impact Behavior Jiangyu Li, University of Washington
Ductile-Brittle Transition Jiangyu Li, University of Washington
Brittle Failure Jiangyu Li, University of Washington
Stress Concentration Jiangyu Li, University of Washington
Stress at Crack Tip • Plane Stress: • Thin • Poisson Contraction • Plane Strain: • Thick • Constrained in z direction: Jiangyu Li, University of Washington
Plane Stress and Strain Plane Stress Mixed Plane Strain Jiangyu Li, University of Washington
Crack Tip in Real Materials Jiangyu Li, University of Washington
Failure Criteria • Materials have flaw or crack in them: • Linear Elastic Fracture Mechanics (LEFM) • Stress intensity factor (K) describes the severity of the existing crack condition • If K exceeds the Critical stress intensity (Kc), then failure will occur • Materials Assumed to be perfect: • Brittle Materials • Max Normal Stress • Ductile Materials • Max Shear Stress • Octahedral Shear Stress Jiangyu Li, University of Washington
Effect of Crack Length Jiangyu Li, University of Washington
Brittle vs. Ductile Behavior Jiangyu Li, University of Washington
Assignment • Mechanical Behavior of Materials 4.34, 8.1, 8.3 Jiangyu Li, University of Washington