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Ch. 21 The oral microflora and dental plaque

Ch. 21 The oral microflora and dental plaque. Study of the oral microflora. Composition of the oral microflora Acquisition of the oral microflora. Dental plaque formation. Bacterial attachment - Stage I: Transport - Stage II: Initial adhesion

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Ch. 21 The oral microflora and dental plaque

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  1. Ch. 21The oral microflora and dental plaque

  2. Study of the oral microflora • Composition of the oral microflora • Acquisition of the oral microflora

  3. Dental plaque formation Bacterial attachment - Stage I: Transport - Stage II: Initial adhesion - Stage III: Attachment - Stage IV: Colonization and biofilm formation

  4. Factors affecting the growth of oral micro-organisms • Diet • Saliva • Gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) • The gaseous environment • The host

  5. Anti-plaque agents • Antimicrobial agents:the most effective anti-plaque agent is chlorhexidine. can exert its antimicrobial effect by damaging the microbial cell membrane. also inhibits microbial adherence • Plaque disruption agents:Sodium lauryl sulphate is used as an anionic detergent which solubilizes plaque to reduce its accumulation • Anti-adhesive compounds:Fluoride-containing compounds “sodium fluoride”

  6. Ch. 22 Defense mechanisms of the mouth

  7. Oral mucosa • Oral lymphoid tissues - Extra-oral lymph nodes - Intra-oral lymphoid tissue • Saliva • Gingival crevicular fluid

  8. Ch. 23 Dental caries

  9. Dental caries • Clinical presentation and diagnosis • Host factors - Enamel - Saliva - Diet

  10. Micro-organisms • Streptococcus mutans • Lactobacillus species • Actinomyces species • Veillonella species • Non-mutans streptococci (non-lVIS)

  11. Prevention of dental caries • Sugar substitutes • Mechanical cleansing techniques • Replacement therapy • Antimicrobial agents • Vaccination • Fluoride and tooth solubility

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